Study Of Prokaryote Coding Characteristics In Translation Initial Stage Based On The Information Theory

The incredible speciality originated from organism is a natural choice. Therefore natural selection affects organic evolution so effectively and the basic conditions are as follows: 1) Organism contains"information"vector which is a succession of information known as genetic information. The genetic information is shown by the genome sequence which ranged by some limited gene codes.2)There is a biochemical mechanism which can copy genetic information precisely. This replication process will make mistakes, but mistakes must be few. At the same time the replication grows geometrically.3) Genetic information copy process must be accompanied by the accounted products of gene. The self-replicating organism is a harmonious unification of the genetic information replication and the gene products. 4) The errors (variations or mutations) that generated during genetic information replication process can be copied by themselves; such useful variations will be retained in natural selection.This paper aims to discuss the relevant information about gene. First according to the information theory, the organism can be seen as a special kink of information processing systems; Thus the transmitting information process of molecular biology can be described by communication model basing on the structure of communication system. Then by using biology theory, statistics and information-theoretic approach, the genetic data are discussed and useful information is abstained. According to the above methods, this paper discusses genetic DNA sequence redundancy of the biggest information source in biological cells, the speciality of coding, SD region identification, as well as the possible error control features that originated form 16S rRNA. The main researches of this paper are as follows:1) Based on the results of biology research, genetic DNA coding region and non-coding region of a possible encoding specialty are analyzed by using attainable open biological information resources from interned.2) By using the smallest Hamming Distance decoding method, the effects of 16S rRNA mutations of ribosome on the translating efficiency of prokaryote DNA expression are analyzed. The simulated results show that prokaryotes may check and correct the errors of the entire DNA sequence according to 16S rRNA, which is considered as a standard error-correction code. This proves that it is feasible to analyze prokaryotic genetic information transfer by using communication code theory.3) According to the characteristics of SD sequence, a checkout matrix can be obtained by using Berlekamp-Massey algorithm of stream ciphers and LFSR model. The simulation trial results show that not only the starting position of SD sequence can be marked but also the starting code position can be marked by using the results of checkout matrix.Use of interdisciplinary integration can reveal that there exist complex relationships among the biological molecules data. And all the data are significant, because they reveal the abundant biology knowledge and rules. Using information theory to analyze DNA sequence reveals the nature of biological molecules information. It can make people understand and master the transmission and express of genetic information coding clearly, thus it will speed up the comprehending of human evolution.