| Based on species composition and diversity of insects located in Meihua Mountain Natural Reserve and Chongming National Forest Park,we choiced Schima superba Gardn et Champ and Cinnamomum camphora(L.)Presl as the target plants, and we researched the feeding behavior of their host insects Orthaga achatina Butler, Philosamia cynthia Walker et Felder and Neospastis simaona Wang.Based on field observation and experiment,we observed feeding behavior of three phytophagous insects,combined with the herbivory patterns,and influence factors to the feeding behavior.Then main results are provided as follows:1.Insect Biodiversity in Meihna Mountain Natural ReserveThe species composition and diversity of insects in five different habitats located in Meihua Mountain natural reserve were surveyed.Approximately 5000 specimens were collected and 193 species belonging to 14 orders,82 families were recognized. Shannon-weiner biodiversity index(H′),Pielou' eveness(E)and Species richness(S) were adopted to analyze the insect diversity difference in different habitats.The results indicate that the richness,biodiversity index and eveness are distinctly different among different habitats.Coniferous-Broad Leaved Mixed Forest's insect diversity and eveness are the highest,evergreen broad-leaved forest' s insect richness are higher than others;and bamboo forest's insect diversity,eveness and richness are the lowest.This is mainly related to the biological characteristics of insects and directly affected by habitat's species and eveness.2.Larva Feeding Behavior of Orthaga achatina ButlerLarva of Orthaga achatina Butler's feeding and defence are centre for its nest.In field,they nest many leaves together.Inside,they nest between the leaf and petri dish. During feeding it put its head outside the nest,when it was been interrupted it came back the nest immediately.When the larva is out of the nest,it will twists.A total of 8 herbivory patterns were found,including edge defoliation,leaf cutting,big perforation, small perforation,lower epidermis defoliation,upper epidermis defoliation, excavating defoliation and successive pinhole.The length of an active feeding time of the 3rd,4th and 5th instars larva of Orthaga achatina Butler have no significant difference,but total length of active feeding and active feeding times increased. Feeding activities of Orthaga achatina Butler 5th instar larvae were discontinuous, and generally displayed no circadian rhythm.There was not a significant relationship between the total feeding area in the dark and that in the day(P＞0.05).The larvae suitable temperature is from 25℃to 35℃.Larval feeding behavior have been inhibited in higher or lower temperature.Larval feeding behavior have no significant difference when the humidity change from 70%to 90%RH,but have been inhibited in 60%RH.3.Larva Feeding Behavior of Philosamia cynthia Walker et FelderIn field,larva of Philosamia cynthia Walker et Felder feed at leaf back.Their uropods grasp the leaf during the feeding.In the feeding gap and when it was been interrupted,the larvae were static.A total of 8 herbivory patterns were found, including edge defoliation,leaf cutting,excavating defoliation and top defoliation. Edge defoliation and excavating defoliation are mainly herbivory patterns.Feeding activities of Philosamia cynthia Walker et Felder 5th instar larvae were discontinuous, and generally displayed no circadian rhythm.Active feeding times of the 3rd,4th and 5th instars larva of Philosamia cynthia Walker et Felder have no significant difference. Total length of active feeding and the length of an active feeding have no significant change between the 3rd and 4th instars larva of Philosamia cynthia Walker et Felder, but Total length of active feeding and the length of an active feeding have a significant increased.There was no significant difference between the total feeding area in the dark and that in the day(P＞0.05).The length of active feeding and active feeding times of 5th instars larva of Philosamia cynthia Walker et Felder have no significant difference from 20℃to 35℃.Larval feeding behavior have been inhibited in 15℃,and stopped in 40℃.Larval feeding behavior have no significant difference when the humidity change from 60%to 90%RH.4.Larva Feeding Behavior of Neospastis simaona WangLarva of Neospastis simaona Wang's feeding and defence are centre for its nest. In field,they nest between two leaves.Inside,they nest between the leaf and petri dish. During feeding it put its head outside the nest,when it was been interrupted it came back the nest immediately.They sometimes bite a piece of leaf,put it beside the nest, and then feed.In the feeding gap,the larvae are solidifying the nest.A total of 8 herbivory patterns were found,including edge defoliation,leaf cutting,big perforation, small perforation,lower epidermis defoliation,upper epidermis defoliation, excavating defoliation and striped defoliation.Active feeding times and total length of active feeding of the 3rd,4th and 5th instars larva of Neospastis simaona Wang increased with the growth of the larva,but the length of an active feeding has no difference.Neospastis simaona Wang larvae feeding from leaf's two ends.Feeding activities of Neospastis simaona Wang 5th instar larvae were discontinuous,and generally displayed no circadian rhythm.There was no difference between the total feeding area in the dark and that in the day(P＞0.05).
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