Development Of Microsatellite Markers And Analysis Of Ginkgo Biloba L. In Genetic Diversity

Ginkgo biloba L. is ranked as our national first level protect plants, typical of the Mesozoic species, known as "a living fossil". From appear to prosperity and decline, Ginkgo has undergone three major geological period, that originated in the Paleozoic, and prosperity in the Mesozoic, the decline in the new generation. In the Mesozoic Jurassic, Ginkgo biloba has been widely distributed in the northern hemisphere. As for the existence of wild ginkgo and location, there is a lot of controversy, which is our one of the purposes of this study.Many scientists have started a lot of research in the community of Ginkgo biloba: morphology, cytology and molecular biology. In the population genetics and genetic study geography, the main molecular markers use is the Allozyme, ISSR, RAPD and PCR-RFLP analysis etc. In our lab, we have used ISSR, cpDNA, AFLP and other molecular markers and made some important conclusions.Microsatellite is a short series of simple repetitive sequences. Most microsatellite DNA length is less than 200 bp, which is from the core sequence and a sequence on both sides of the flank. Microsatellite DNA markers is of great potential molecular markers in the DNA fingerprinting technology and currently the most advanced system of genetic markers. In this study we used beads enriched to get the ginkgo microsatellite. By Screening through the library, sequencing and design, we get 50 pairs of micro-satellite primers. After the PCR test, we found that 11 pairs successfully amplified polymorphic bands. After analysis, eleven microsatellite loci of Ginkgo biloba in 24 individuals received 100 alleles, heterozygosity expectations (He) and observations (Ho) were 0.501～0.934 and 0.208～0.708, the average of 0.795 and 0.484, respectively, multi-information sites averaged 0.752. Using GENEPOP software, there was no linkage disequilibrium sites and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium testing shows that 7 primers deviste from HWE expectations. The results supply a solid foundation for next research of populations of genetic.