| Jatropha curcas L. (belong to the family Euphorbiaceae), usually 3～4 meters high, is a kind of shrub most of which grow in the tropic and sub-tropic area. It is well known of its medical effects of its seeds, and is widely cultivated by people in the hot and arid valley in South America and South Asia, as well as in China. With the development of bio-technology, it has been found useful in many realms, such as exploring bio-diesel, novel medicine, as well as bio-pesticide and in recent years resisting cancer.ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeat) is a molecular marker method brought out by Zietiewicz in 1994, used to examine the difference between SSR (simple sequence repeat) DNA. It has many advantages compared with RAPD and is widely used in the researches of plant and animal in recent years. In this thesis, 9 different origins of Jatropha curcas L., which come from Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, are invested aiming to reveal the genetic structure and genetic diversity.Using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis, the genetic diversity and genetic structure of 9 natural populations of Jatropha curcas L. were invested. Ten ISSR primers generated highly reproducible and stable DNA fragments. 164 within 169 loci were polymorphic (PPB=97.04%), and POPGENE analysis result (h=0.2357, I=0.3760) suggested a high level of genetic variation of Jatroph curcas L. between different populations. Based on AMOVA analysis, more variation occurred among populations (Gst=0.5398) more than within population. Regarding to the high genetic variation level among population, not only could it be caused by the limited gene flow (Nm=0.4667), but also by the genetic drift. On the other hand, relatively low variation within population might be tracked to the reproductive style. Some strategies for the breeding of Jatropha curcas L. also were raised based on the dendrogram result.
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