| Railway is the artery of national economy. In order for the effective implementation of the policy of grand western development, our country increased the construction of western railway network. As the western railways are mainly built in the areas of first and second-order geomorphologic ladder, where there are steep mountains, bad environment, inconvenient traffic, complex engineering geological situation and numerous bad geological bodies, the general methods of geological survey seem to be inapplicable for the railway route selection of these areas, for they will result in many problems including limited field survey range, large outdoor work load, slow work progress and bad survey quality. Moreover, as the geological survey work of railway engineering needs numerous information and data and also produces numerous data, the tradition mode of file management is unable to deal with such multi-source information; and as the current railway design is carried out in the 2D map, the stereoscopic effect is lacked. The application of new technologies such as Remote-Sensing, GIS and 3D Visualization in the geological survey of railway engineering can solve the abovementioned problems. It also can speed up the working process, improve and guarantee the ability and quality of engineering geological survey. Remote-Sensing technology can provide the necessary data source for the data collection and updating required by the railway survey, planning and construction work; its application can expand the range of geological survey, overcome the limitation of ground investigation, reinforce the prediction, reduce the outdoor work load and improve the survey efficiency; by means of Remote-Sensing and 3D Visualization technologies, the general knowledge about the topography, geomorphology, ground objects and geological situation of the areas through which the planned railway passes can be obtained, and such information including the geological situation and bad geological bodies along the railway can be accurately and visually abstracted; and GIS technology can offer strong technical support to the storage , management , analysis and application of multi-source spatial data of geological survey of railway engineering.Based on a detailed analysis to the relevant information of railway engineering geology, this thesis carries out the Remote-Sensing information abstraction and Remote-Sensing 3D visualization simulation for the three newly built railways from Lijiang to Shangri-La, Dali to Ruili and Lanzhou to Chongqing( Guangyuan to Chongqing section) in western rural areas and developed the multi-source information management system of railway engineering geology by integrating RS,GIS and 3D Visualization technologies. The main results are shown as following:(1) Aiming at the bad environment, complex topographic and geological situation of western areas in China, the technical scheme of integrating RS, GIS and 3D Visualization technologies to carry out the geological survey information abstraction and the multi-source information management is put forward. This provides a new thought for the geological survey and route selection work of railway engineering in rural areas.(2) In current remote-sensing investigation of railway engineering geology, either Landsat satellite images or aerial photos is selected as the data source. The former has low resolution. Although it has good interpretation effect of fault structure, it has bad interpretation effect of bad geological phenomenon; the latter has high resolution and can be stereoscopically observed, but the coverage of each photo is quite small, so it's hard to conduct geometric correction and photo mosaic; and as the photos are black and white photos, the information is limited. This thesis mainly adopts the key technology of digital treatment and information abstraction of SPOT5 image in the geological survey of railway engineering. Besides, the ETM+image is also used to assist the abstraction of fault structure. The aerial photos and SPOT5image are employed together to interpret the important landslides, thus the image picture and interpretation effect of high quality are obtained, and the advantage of using multi-source remote-sensing image in the geological survey of railway engineering is demonstrated.(3) High-accuracy Remote-Sensing image can be used to delineate the developmental range of bad geological bodies, and define their types and nature. Besides, it can be combined with other information and the Remote-Sensing image at different time to analyze the reasons, distribution rules, damage degree and development trends of bad geological bodies. Compared with the tradition ground investigation, it has higher speed, higher accuracy rate and better effect, but its cost is quite lower. Remote-Sensing technology is an indispensable means for the geological survey of railway engineering and railway route selection in western rural areas. (4) The technology of 3D Visualization is adopted to superpose high-accuracy DEM with ortho Remote-Sensing image to build 3D remote-sensing model so as to provide real and visual images of ground landscape that can be used repeatedly and continuous animation, and assist the 3D information abstraction of geological survey of railway engineering and the decision-making of railway route selection. The technology of 3D visualization of Remote-Sensing image and the method of dynamic analysis open a new thought for the geological survey work along the railway. It is of great significance and of practical value to the acceleration of modernization process of railway geological work.(5) As the geological survey of railway engineering is featured by a large amount of information and complex data type, the technology of LIBRARIAN mass data chart division management is adopted to establish the multi-source database of railway engineering geology. LIBRARIAN technology is to divide the spatial data into parts and access data by spatial index, thus it is fast and convenient to abstract, search for, display and maintain spatial data. It provides a new thought for the multi-source data management of railway engineering geology.(6) With ArcGIS software as the platform, based on full utilization of the strong functions of ArcGIS software itself, VB+AO method is adopted to develop the multi-source information management system of railway engineering geology, which can realize many functions of the multi-source information database such as management, search and retrieval , spatial analysis, graphics output, 3D virtual flight,etc, and provide the data-source and the decision-making platform for the construction of railway design.The study of this thesis shows that in the geological survey and route selection work of railway engineering in western rural areas, the integrated use of remote-sensing, GIS AND 3D Visualization technologies can expand the range of geological survey, reduce the outdoor work load, speed up the working process, improve the ability and quality of geological survey, strengthen the effective management and utilization of multi-source information of engineering geology, and provide technical support for the visualization, digitalization, and artificial intelligence management of railway construction.
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