Study On The Geological Characteristics And Enrichment Regularities Of Mineralization Of Tegelimansu Copper Deposit, West Kunlun, Xinjiang Autonomous Region

Western Kunlun Orogenic Belt is one of the lowest level of geological research for restrict of natural condition, which locates in the northwestern part of China. Predecessors have raised a variety of different structural units partition plan on the West Kunlun Orogenic Belt, but for the lower level of the study, the more applications to the West Kunlun Orogenic Belt is to be divided into the North Belt of the West Kunlun,Middle Belt of the West Kunlun and South Belt of the West Kunlun according to the sector of the North fault,Middle fault and South fault of the West Kunlun Orogenic Belt.It was located at the junction of Pale-Asian and Tethyan tectonic domain and has experienced a complicated geological evolution including many events of magma and tectonic movements, which is considered to be of great ore-forming potential. The late-Paleozoic Oytage-kurliang fissure basin is a very important ore-forming zone in the northern part of Western Kunlun Orogenic Belt, it also experienced a complicated geological evolution and exists with a special ore-forming background.The original mainland of China is mainly made up of the Sinian former basement rock of the Kunlun Mountains,the Tarim massif and North China massif. In Mesoproterozoic, West Kunlun mainland started cracking and the crust started thinning. In Proterozoic, the crystalline basement started forming n a narrow rift trough. In Early Paleozoic, the crust splited again, and formed the ancient oceanic crust. In Devonian-Carboniferous, the Early Paleozoic ocean closured basicly. In Carboniferous-Early Permian, the southern edge of Tarim plate entered the western Pacific continental margin development stage, Qiangtang massif oversewed finally along the Kangxiwar fault and North China massif of Tarim.With the tectonic activity, the North Kunlun Mountains formed along the narrow arc rift depression along the continental margin in the Kurlang– Karlong. In the late of Triassic, Tarim massif and Qiangtang massif completely putted together along Kangxiwar fracture, and constituted a part of the Eurasian continent. In Mesozoic Jurassic and Cretaceous, with the expansion of the Indian Ocean ridge, the new Tethys started to abate towards north, and plug under the southern margin of the Eurasian continent. In Cretaceous, the new Tethys was accelerated to abate northward until the Pliocene Tertiary Indian plate and Eurasian plate occur collision. Therefore, the West Kunlun Orogenic Belt was mainly in extrusion tectonic environment from the Jurassic. West Kunlun - Ardenian started to uplift rapidly, and the surface was in strongly erosion from Pliocene.In addition, the regional stratigraphy of the West Kunlun grows completely, and the regional tectonic activity is strongly, and regional magmatic activity is frequently, which provide a favourable conditions for mineralization.But for the rapid uplift of the West Kunlun-Ardenian from Pliocene, the strong role in surface erosion have great destructive on the deposit. Tegelimansu Copper deposits located in the northeast slope of North West Kunlun mountains. And it belongs to the Late Paleozoic continental margin of the Tarim plate. The stratum of the diggings and external diggings is mainly Paleozoic, including the Devonian, Kushanhe group of the Lower Carboniferous, as well as Gez group of the Upper Carboniferous. And Cretaceous and Tertiary Red clastic rocks is next. Among them, the under group and the upper group of the Kushanhe group are the main group on the ore formation. No intrusive bodies within the mining area, but in the outlying seeing a granite intrusive, which are distributed mainly in the north-west. The early Carboniferous-volcanic rocks which locate the north of the Gez river is closed to mineralization after testing.In order to understand the characteristics of the ore-bearing mines. The project team carried through measured geological profile measurement twice towards CMⅠ,CMⅢ1,CMⅢ2 and YMⅢ1. The tests to the seven kinds of trace elements of the sample show that Cu and Ag are enrichment. By analysing the mineralization enrichment coefficient of indicator elements of Tegelimansu copper deposits can educe the enrichment sequence: Ag→Cu→Pb→Au→Zn→Co→Ni. It also can be divided into three elemental composition, such as Pb,Cu-Ag and Ni-Co, according to geochemical profile and the analysis of the correlation coefficient.The orebodies are samdwich,similar- samdwich,lentoid, the mineralized zone are NW-EW, and the same attitude of rocks. The main mineral ores are chalcocite,chalcopyrite and bornite. The main gangue minerals are quartz, feldspar and calcite. Ag and Cu are highly relevant and growthing.The copper source of Tegelimansu copper deposits are from the paleowind crust of the northern part of the Carboniferous rocks according to the above analysis that the comprehensive. In the Middle Proterozoic and Early Paleozoic ,the continental crust started split. The copper source material through the form of CuSO4 real solution to removeand finally in the Devonian-Carboniferous sedimentary when the ocean closed in the strong deoxidizing environment, and refer to the bacteria, and finally it formed orebodies through enrichment .The Project obtained the coral fossil specimens of the Kushanhe group, it show that the deposits have biochemical characteristics.Besides,the straficaton structure also showed that it have biochemical characteristics. Therefore, the comprehensive analysis show that: Tegelimansu copper deposits are biochemical sedimentary of sandstone-type copper deposit. And based the mineralization model affter the comprehensive analysis .The enrichment regularities of Tegelimansu copper deposit are as follows: 1, Controling by stratum. There are four main layers contain mineralization: the bottom of seam (M1),the central seam (M2), the lower seam (M3) and the top Department of seam (M4), and in which the above seam is the most important and the central of seam is next. It showed obvious characteristics of ore strata control;2,Controlling by lithology and the color of rocks.The grade of Tegelimansu copper deposit is the lowest in red sandstone, and next is in the gray– white sandstone, calcareous sandstone,the highest grade is in the black thin sandstone and conglomerate; 3,Controlling by Palaeogeography-rock mining, ore reduction mainly occur in the weak environment, foreshore shallow water environment, the deposition of copper is mainly in the turn of ancient climate ,that is warm -dry and hot-dry phase of the conversion; 4,Controlling by organic matter,the ore is rich in the weak environment which is full of organic matter and the ancient bacterial , but the mineralization is weak or no mineralization when it is in the lack of the oxidation of organic matter in the environment.Starting the prospect evaluation based on comprehensive analysis of the geological characteristics of bed, ore-forming conditions and the preservation conditions of mineralization and genesis of mineralization. Which showed that it has a good mineralization,and has a good potential to form a large sandstone copper deposit. Along the outside until neighboring countries have found super large copper deposits such as Afghanistan and Kazakhstan Annake sandstone Dzhezkazgan copper deposit in similar geological conditions. However, West Kunlun - Ardenian started to uplift rapidly from Pliocene, and the surface was in strongly erosion, so the deep exploration potential is small.