The Complete Mitochondrial Genomes Of Bufo Gargarizans And Rana Chensinensis

In this issue, the mitochondrial genomes of the Bufo gargarizans and Rana chensinensis were obtained based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and LA-PCR fragments of the primers we designed. The Bufo gargarizans and Rana chensinensis mitochondrial genome are 17,277 base pairs and 17,861 base pairs in length separately, containing 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs and a putative control region. The gene organizations of the two species are the same and similar to that of Rana nigromaculata and other species of Bufonidae et al.. There is a stem-loop structure in WANCY region.We analyzed the sequences using bioinformatics methods comparing the obtained mtDNA sequence with other frogs and toads. Based on the concatenated nucleotide sequences of 11 protein-coding genes, we constructed a phylogenetic tree with maximum likelihood (ML) and maximum parsimony (MP) methods and discussed the phylogenetic relationships among 11 species of Anura. We also constructed the phylogenetic tree with ML and MP method based on 12S and 16S rRNA and discussed the phylogenetic relationships of 21 species of Anura. The results indicated in the phylogenetic tree support the monophyletic origin of Anura. The relationship between Bufonidae and Hylidae is closer than that between Bufonidae and other frogs. The results also support that brown frogs should be separated from Rana and Mesobatrachia should not be separated from Archeobatrachia.