Behavior And Relationship Between Reproductive Behavior And Fecal Steroid In Equus Hemionus Hemious

For the purpose of researching the behavior regularity of Equus hemionus in the daytime and approaching the relation of its breeding behavior and the change of reproductive hormone level, the thesis depending on the observation of Equus hemionus in the countryside analyzes the daytime behavior, behavior of time assignment, behavior rhythm, the reproductive hormone level of the manure and the correlation between the daytime behavior rhythm and the hormone level.The samples were taken by the open country observation from March , 2005 to October, 2006 in the Inner Mongolia Chaganhada Su`mu, Da'erhan Maoming'an Lianheqi Tenggenaoer District, Baotou city. The method of scanning sample and targetting sample were combined to record and observe the change of behavior and the behavior lasting time of Equus hemionus in the region. In the breeding season in 2005 and 2006, some fresh manure were collected and stored in the refrigerators at -20℃. Radioimmunoassay(RIA)was adopted to test the testosterone (T) of the male manure sample, the estradiol (E2) and the progesterone (P) of the female manure sample. The consequence of the observation and analysis were as follows:Equus hemionus had obvious movable regulation and presented movable pattern that its activity and rest altered in the daytime and night .Every morning was its peak time.At noon, its intensity of activity was lower and prior to rest .Most individual activities in most times keep in step. Taking food behavior is the main activity of Equus hemionus. In the four seasons, the change of taking food time lead to the change of other activity time .In autumn, the crest-time of taking food is most obvious, and the peak last for the shortest. In spring and summer the peak of taking food last for longer. The peak are varied and not notable in winter,but the time of taking food is longer, almost taking food day and night. 10 days old before, the offspring major in rest and the percent accounts to more than 80%.10 days old after ,with the development of behavior and the strengthen of the physical capacity, the offspring is very active and restless. 100 days old after, with the increase of the behavioral category and the activity amount, the offspring follow the group to act.There are significant differences of the standing to stare behavior between the female and male Equus hemionus (P<0.01). There are significant differences of the movement and other behavior in summer (P<0.01).There are significant differences of other behavior in autumn (P<0.01). The season factor has an important effect on the Equus hemionus behavior. In addition to the rest, there are significant differences of every kinds of behavior in four seasons (P<0.01).The breeding season is from May to August.The majority sexual behavior concentrated at this time. There are significant differences of the level of T in the breeding time and non-breeding time (P<0.01). The level is higher in the breeding time than in the non-breeding time. The change of T level is significantly correlated with the breeding season. The change of T level of the male Equus hemionus is significantly correlated with the seasonal change of a lot of breeding behaviors, illustrating that the breeding behavior of the male Equus hemionus is regulated by the T secreted by the testis.The seasonal fluctuation of T is the physiological foundation of the seasonal change of the male Equus hemionus's breeding behavior.There are significant differences of the level of E2 of the female Equus hemionus in the breeding time and non-breeding time (P<0.05).The level of E2 is significantly correlated with the female breeding behavior, illustrating that the female sex hormone has an important effect on starting the reproductive behavior of the female. There are significant differences of P in the breeding time and non-breeding time, but it keeps the highest level before birthing.In addition,P of the manure is not significantly correlated with the bearing children behavior of Equus hemionus.It's the first time to research the behavior of Equus hemionus comprehensively and systematically. By the analysis to observe the open country behavior, we analyze the rhythm of the daily change of Equus hemionus in the four seasons for the first time and built up the daytime behavior table of Equus hemionus. We apply the method of hormone analysis to research the donkey for the first time and provide the elementary data for the protection, management, reasonable utilization of Equus hemionus resources and the research of reproductive physiology.