| Heihe is located in the arid area in the west of china, and it's one of the biggest inland river. The area of middle reaches is the most developed area of industry and agriculture economy within Heihe basin and the important commodity grain base .As the result of unreasonable exploitation of water resource in the recent twenty years ,more and more problems ,such as drawdown of groundwater table decrease of groundwater discharge to river and Spring ,have been becoming along ;while the runoff of the Zhengyixia gorge, which depending on the quantity of the spring, has been quickly decreased ,and result in the ecological environment getting worse and worse in lower reaches of Heihe river.Based on study the hydrogeology conditions , the thesis simulate the decrease trend of spring quantity through there ways ,which are based on the water budget of river ,the dry season base flow, the observed value of one spring respectively, and proved the law of groundwater resource decreasing. Analysis the influence of recharge quantity and production to the quantity groundwater discharge to river and spring with the Statistic approach and numerical simulation methods, and then point out the main reason of groundwater resource decreasing is the sustained reduce of recharge quantity and rapid rise of production. Put forward the control measures of the decreasing tendency: regulate the runoff of the Caotanzhuang with reservoir, interception flood and guidance permeating, control utilization rate of irrigation canal and production.The thesis use two methods for the first time to simulate the decrease trend of spring quantity, which are based on the water budget of river and the dry season base flow. And put forward the main reason and control measures of the groundwater decreasing tendency. The research reached the target plan, the achieved findings have practical significance, and can supply experiences and references for some similar areas.
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