Quantum Teleportation And Its Realization Scheme

Quantum information is a new subject, a combination of information science and quantum mechanics, including quantum computation and quantum communication. Quantum information science shows the superiorities beyond compare in classical information. It has so many great potential applications that it may lead to a revolution in information domain. So quantum information has been attracted more and more attentions from different fields and acquired many great progress in both theory and experiment.Quantum entanglement is an extraordinary phenomenon, which only belongs to quantum mechanics. Entangled states are not only used to testify some basic quantum theories, but also used as a kind of efficient resource in quantum teleportation, quantum dense coding, quantum cryptography, and so on. We can think that the quantum entangled states have been involved in almost every part of quantum information, and play an important role in quantum information.Recently, the presence of entanglement in condensed-matter systems at finite temperatures has been investigated by a number of authors. The state of a typical condensed-matter system at thermal equilibrium isρ(T)=e^-βH/Z, where H is the Hamiltonian, Z=Tr{e^-βH} is the partition function, andβ=1/kT, where k is the Boltzmann's constant. The entanglement associated with the thermal stateρ(T) is referred to as the thermal entanglement.At present, quantum teleportation is one of the most important subjects in quantum information field. In this paper, firstly, we will show the basic theory of quantum teleportation, secondly, we will show the schemes for quantum teleportation in cavity QED, finally, we will discuss the thermal entanglement in Heisenberg model and its applications in quantum teleportation.