The Research Of Insect Pollination Mechanism In Changbaishan Area

Many researchs show that pollinators are oligolectic and collect pollen or nectar for their larvae only from one particular plant family or genus. But, we found out that, in the area of Changbai Mountain, most species of pollinators are mulriple and collect their food from different plant family. Here, we (1) identified eight kinds of flower color, find out which color is the most important for the attraction of pollinators and which species of pollinator is the preponderant one, besides, we setup the laboratory experiment and outdoor experiment to obtain the answer. (2) identified characteristics of flower in four aspects(corolla type, whether there is nectary, flower size and anthotaxy type) compare with species and exterior character(length of insect body and length of insect wing) of pollinators, and try to find out the interrelation ship. (3) identified the tempting rate of volatile from sixteen species of flowers in order to select which species of flowers has better attracting ability for the pollinator.(4)identified flower scent compounds of four species important for the attraction of bees, which collects pollen from different flowers during same and different seasons. Flower scent was collected by using steam distillation and organic solvent extraction methods, and the samples were subsequently analyzed by sense of smell behavior and GC/MS to detect possible attractive compounds.Result: (1) laboratory experiment, Apis mellifera lligustica Spin is strongly attracted by color and it is the preponderant one, yellow is the most important for the attraction of pollinators. outdoor experiment, orange is the most important for the attraction of pollinators, pollinators are easier attracted by color at 8~9AM. than at 4~5PM. Besides, pollinators are easier attracted by color in places of lower altitude than in places of higher altitude. (2) pollinators are most attracted by the radiate symmetry and cannular corolla flower, and most flowers have no nectary. The diameter length of corolla has low relativity relationship with the length of insect wing and also the length of insect body. The relationship between anthotaxy type and pollinators species is: the more complex the anthotaxy type is the more important for the attraction of pollinators. (3)use GC/MS to identify the flower scent compounds of 2 extractions which attracting pollinators, the compounds include alcohol, esters, alkane hydrocarbons, carboxyl, and there are a small amount of fragrant clan phenol, ketone and carbohydrate, the 2 extractions do not have same compound composition, but alcohol content is relatively high in both extractions. (4) pollinators which attracted by flower scent have the same behavior: exciting - crawling-hunting for information- directing– exploring - throwing out trophy to fetch food.