Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Detection For Deoxyribonucleic Acid Hybridization Based On Gold Nanoparticles Carrying Multiple Probes

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is a main material basis of bio-genetics. The mutant of DNA is tightly relative with genetic diseases of human. The development of the detection of DNA sequence and DNA mutant detection is important for the diagnosis and treatment of genetic diseases, detection of infectious agents, drug discovery or warning against bio-warfare agents. The radiochemical technique is a conventional way in the past, but radiochemical element is harmful to body and environment although the radiochemical method has a high sensitivity. A variety of techniques including fluorescent, chemluminescence, and electrochemical ones have been developed for the DNA hybridization detection since 1980s. Although these methods display many advantages, and are available for the detection of specific DNA, they have not been taken place completely the traditional method because of their low sensitivity. Therefore, it is important to improve the sensitivity of these methods for the detection of specific DNA sequences.Nanomaterials with at least one of their dimensions ranging in scale from 1 to 100 nm, display unique physical and chemical features duo to their the surface effect, mini size effect, quantum size effect and macro-quantum tunnel effect. In recent years the application of the nanomaterials has been received much attention in all analytical fields, especially in biochemical analysis.The electrogenetated chemiluminescence (ECL) reaction was initiated by an electrochemical reaction at electrode surface. Such an electro-initiation approach introduces many distinct advantages such as high sensitivity, wide range, rapid and convenient operation. The aim of the present work was to develop a highly sensitive ECL method for the detection of target DNA. Ruthenium bis(2,2'-bipyridine) (2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid) N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (Ru(bpy)2(dcbpy)-NHS) was used as a ECL label while gold nanoparticle was served as a carrier and gold nanoparticle modified electrode was used as a working electrode.This thesis includes a review and a research section. In the review, the principles and characteristics of different kinds of DNA biosensor are summarized. The basic principles, characteristics and systems of ECL, various preparation methods and characteristics of nano-particles are introduced. The applications of the nano-material in...