Application Of Proteomic Technologies For The Molecular Toxic Effect Of Chromium (Ⅵ) On Schizosaccharomyces. Pombe

Certain hexavalent chromium (Cr(Ⅵ))-containing compounds are recognized as occupational human lung carcinogens by The International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC) and US EPA.Cr(Ⅵ) crosses the cell membrane through non-specific phosphate/sulfate anionic transporters. Within the cell, Cr(Ⅵ) undergoes rapid metabolic reduction by ascorbic acid (Asc)and low molecular weight thiols including reduced glutathione (GSH) and cysteine (Cys) and generate reactive oxygen species(ROS) , reactive intermediates(chromium Ⅴ) and final reductant(chromium Ⅲ). During Cr(Ⅵ) reduction, a diverse range of genetic lesions are generated, such as Cr-DNA adducts, DNA protein crosslinks (DPCs). ROS can activate different signaling pathways, such as NF- κ B, MAPKs, which likely promote a terminal cell fate such as apoptosis or terminal growth arrest. Last few years, our understanding of the genetic/cellular damages produced by exposure to Cr(Ⅵ) has advanced a lot, but, because the complex signaling mechanisms involved in the cellular response to Cr(Ⅵ), the role of different signaling pathway in carcinogenicity of Cr(Ⅵ) remains unclear.The structural and functional similarity of genes in lower eukaryotes and mammals suggests that more in-depth understanding of the molecular basis of the cellular responses to toxic Cr(Ⅵ) in...