The Problem Of Objectivity

Copenhagen school's quantum-mechanical explanation philosophically arose the argument between Bohr and Einstein. Though Copenhagen school won the argument temporarily, and got the general agreement, the argument can't get the final settlement in the physical chart. Only through the analyses of phyolsophy, can we make clear what the focus is and what the direrge is,and study what is the impersonality and what is the substance, which leads to the problem of objectivity.The essay analyzes shaping process , causes and the challenges meeting of the objective principle from the aspect of the old materialism, then analyzing Copenhagen School's quantum-mechanical explanation philosophically that arose the argument, and then constucting the objective principle of science from the angle of philosophy and physics. The nuclear of the essay is to study "the problem of objectivity", but the study of objectivity has crossed relation with the problem of substantiality, matter, actuality, etc. Discussing the proboem of objectivity, we have no way to avoid the problem above. So ,we discuss the probem of substantiality .matter ,etc, then through citing large numbers of materials, push over old objective principle step by step, in order to building some logical theoretical construction for the objective principle.The essay takes a drastic measure to deal with it to indicate the limitation on which the old objective principle is based, studying from the angle of history of human development, in the point of view of development and dynamic. The essay expounds the problem to be studied from the following aspects:Part One To analyze the objective principle of the old matterialism. Firstly, to dicuss the study process of problem of the substanciality and matter, then to canvass the shaping of the objective principle, and finally to dicuss the chanllenge of that objective principle meets.Part Two To analyse Copenhagen School's quantum- mechanic al explanation and the big controversy that it leads, to discuss the central content of "subjective factors" that Bohr introduced into to explain quantum- mechanics, and then to analyse the enormous diffence: Einstein believes that what lies beyond the world is full of meaning to us,but Bohr gathers his research field within our eyeshot.Part Three To analyze the objective principle of modern materialism. Firstly, todiscuss the object, realism, sensibility should be understood from the angle of uniform of objectivity and subjectivity, to discuss the immateriality of matter and relative realism, and at last to discuss ens theory.