| Black-necked Bar-tailed pheasant (Syrmaticus humiae) is belonged to endangered species of Galliformes, distributing restrictedly in northeastern India, northern Myarmar, northwestern Thailand and southwestern China. In China, Black-necked Bar-tailed pheasant has only been recorded from western Guangxi and west, south and central Yunnan. Their range has contracted drastically in recent years because of habitat destruction, especially from logging and poaching of animals. There are less than 500 individuals of Black-necked Bar-tailed pheasant in Guangxi. The population of the species were small,and their distribution narrow. It was defined the First-Class National Protected Species in China and Endangered-Class in the world. In order to protect and resume the species population, effective protection action must be made promptly. Some individuals of Black-necked Bar-tailed pheasant were captured from Baise, Guangxi Province, and were studied on raising domesticating and brooding in Guangxi Normal University and Guilin Seven Star Park from 1990. The domesticated pheasants succeed in breeding firstly in China in 1994. The breeding site of wild pheasants was set up in Guangxi Normal University 2000, in which there are 200 populations. The breeding site can provide enough individuals for the restocking of the pheasants. Restocking is one of the most important ways to save the endangered species. In order to improve the wild population of Black-necked Bar-tailed pheasant, some individuals of pheasants were restocked in Cenwang Laoshan Nature Reserve in 2003~2005 which is the original distributing area of pheasant. The restocking is very important for protecting and saving the rare and endangered pheasant, providing valued reference for protecting or saving other rare and endangered pheasants and animal species. The restocking was carried out in Cenwang Laoshan Nature Reserve. In October 2003 to February 2005. We used the GPS, Radio-tracking, telescope, Light Meter and applied the line transect methods, directly observation and investigation to study the dispersion and the habitats selection of the restocked pheasant. Based on our results, we come up with the suggestion for the conservation of Black-necked Bar-tailed pheasant in Cenwang Laoshan Nature Reserve , Guangxi Province. The results show as follows: 1.The pheasant distributed stably in Houbeishan, Magunpo and Anjiaping after long time dispersion. The largest radius of their dispersion is 4.80 km (directly observation in Liaojiaao) and 7.2 km (investigation in Maopiliang). The velocity of dispersion is elastic in different stage. The areas of dispersion of the first and second batch restocking pheasant are 21.53 km~2. The areas of dispersion of third restocking pheasant is 0.46 km~2. 2. Feeding (♂:40%;♀:65%) and wander (♂:28%;♀:25%) spend most time of pheasant in daily activities. Over-canopy feeding take place in 9:00~11:00 am and 15:00~17:00 pm. Over-canopy wander take place in 8:00~9:00 am, 12:00~13:00 pm and 17:00~18:00 pm. 3. The survival rate of the first and second batch restocking Pheasant is 34.4%, the survive individuals are fine in physical condition, the first batch of restocking individuals succeeds in breeding in spring of 2004, 3 nests were observed. 4.The pheasant selected the evergreen broadleaved forest, evergreen and deciduous broadleaf mixed forest, deciduous broadleaved forest, the conifer-broadleaf forest, and coniferous forest as their habitats. The habitats selection and activities are related to the biodiversity and life form and flora of the vegetation in distribution spot. Abundant food and high shelter are the most important habitat factors by pheasant selection. 5. The brooding habitat of Black-necked Bar-tailed pheasant is preferred coniferous forest with an aspect to east, a gentler slope (22.33o ±8.74o), and a lower gradient. By t-test analysis the key factors related to habitat selection of the broods were cover of tree (85% ±5%) and types and height of grasses (78.33 cm ±2.89 cm). Results demonstrated that the status of grasses was a very important index to habitats selection of the broods. At the same time, habitat selection of the broods was strongly influenced by the vegetation structure. 6. Black-necked Bar-tailed pheasant root separately or flocking Most of them choose the patches with steep slope (44.80o ±14.73o), higher tree cover (78.00% ±8.23%) and low grass cover (29.40% ±24.94%) as their roosting sites. Roosting trees are usually higher trees with larger canopy in the sites. High shelter is the most important factor in choosing rooting site. |
