Identification And Studies On Biological Characteristic Of 205 (Psilocybe Sp.)

205 new strain (Psilocybe sp. ) taken from this laboratory is what He Xinsheng ,etc. got from the wild fruiting body through tissue differentiation and its classified status belongs to Basidiomycotina, Agaricales, Strophariaceae and Psilocybe. According to documents and materials reports, a lot of kinds among Psilocybe can produce hallucinogenic mushrooms and have great research and development value.During the process of studying 205 , it was found that 205 is mixed strain which is mixed by pure 205 and Acremonium strictum . The experiment separated and purified 205 through two separation methods: single spore separation and hyphal fragment separation. The experiment proved the good result of hyphal fragment separation. Through sequential dilution and tube transfer, 205 was differentiated from its mixed fungi with the aid of micro-observation. 205 hypha has clamp connection and on the agar medium exits twisting fruiting body. The mixed hypha of 205 is Acremonium strictum without clamp connection, but with conidium and pycnidium. The successful separation and purification of 205 has established the foundation for the identification of 205 fungi.The traditional classification method of morphology is a foundation of classification and identification. The colony andhypha characteristics of 205 and macroscopic morphology characteristics of fruiting body ,etc. are described through the plate cultivation and the plate insert cultivation of the purified 205 ; the microscopic characteristics of gill, basidium and basidiospore, and the clamp connection of hypha,etc. are described through the micro-observation and the application of scanning electric mirror.Ribosome RNA (rRNA) is one of the oldest molecules in the cell, which has structure , function and homology of evolution. Code the gene of its rRNA forebody, which is gene family with moderate repetition and transcribing activation among the genomic DNA. It itself has high conservatism of evolution and at the same it is rich in high variable area, which became the comparatively ideal object of fungus identification and systematics study. In this paper the PCR is amplified through the ITS array of ribosome rDNA, clone transformation after purification and the order is directly checked after the double-enzymolysis test. Then use relevant array analyzing softwares analyze the whole array of ITS district, and compare with the already exited kinds in the term of BLAST homology in Genbank.The result is that it shares the highest homology, 99%, with Psilocybe copmphUa whose sequence number is AB158634 .The classical morphological taxonomy method is a foundation of classification and identification, regarding molecular genetics as thesupplementary means of identification. The paper combines traditional taxonomy method with molecular biology method and has identified for the first time that 205 is one new kind belonging to Psilocybe.The biological characteristics of 205 have been studied. Through the experiment proof, it has established that the most suitable temperature for 205 hyphal body is 25°C~26°C; the right pH is between 7 — 8; the right carbon source is the glucose; the right nitrogen source is the beef paste and peptone; the best rate between carbon and nitrogen is 35:1 and inorganic salts can increase the density of hyphal body inside the range of 400mg/kg in density.