| The land surface temperatures of the Region of Changbai Mountain are retrieved using mono-window algorithm based on remotely sensed thermal infrared data of Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus (ETM+) onboard Landsat 7 and corresponding regional meteorological data. The land surface emissivity of the Region of Changbai Mountain is estimated based on combining the Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) method with classification-based method. The combination takes advantages of both methods, i.e., the easy use of the former and the precise of the later. On the other hand, it avoids their shortcomings such as evident emissivity error with regard to water body, ice, and snow occurring in NDVI method, and the requirement of detailed surface cover type information of the classification-based method. Atmosphere transmittance and effective mean atmosphere temperature are estimated through the simulation results of atmosphere conditions using LOWTRAN 7 program and regional meteorological data including surface shelter temperatures and water vapor densities from eight stations within or around this region. Meteorological data are spatially interpolated to attain the spatial resolution matching remotely sensed data. Retrieval results are compared with in situ meteorological dynamic land surface temperature observations from regional stations within this region, which demonstrates very good agreement. The whole spatial distribution characteristics of land surface temperature in the Region of Changbai Mountain are analyzed and some interesting phenomena are found.
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