The Research Of Geological Hazard Risk Evaluation Based On Geographic Information System--A Case Of Study Of Geological Hazard Risk In Fuzhou-ShangGan Area

Recently, the study of geological hazard risk is a new research field that has developed and drawn more and more attention of society. Geological hazard risk means geological disaster actions and the possible harmful effect it causes to the mankind. What it reflects is the possible opportunity and the degree of losing of the geological hazard,and it reflects comprehensively the nature and society economy attribute of geological disaster. On the basis of investigating the latest study progress on the domestic and international nature disaster risk evaluation and analyzing deeply the main features and basic elements of geological hazard, the author points out that its purpose is that reflects clearly the risk level of geological hazard and regions difference in evaluation areas, which will provide a scientific method to nation territory resources development, environment protection, plan and implementation of geology hazard prevention engineering. The main contents of geological hazard risk evaluation are the geology disaster risk analysis, vulnerability analysis and expectancy loss analysis, and on the basis types of geological hazard risk evaluation are determined and the evaluation system, index system and procedures and approaches of geological hazard risk evaluation are established. But the qualitative analysis of the traditional method is hard to satisfy the society need with the rapid development of economy, which needs the new technique and methods to participate and discover urgently. The analysis of geological hazard risk with the support of GIS represents is an important development direction in the field of the study of geological hazard. How to apply a series of excellent function and model of GIS to research the theories and the method of the geological hazard risk evaluation is a hot standpoint of hazard study in recent years.This paper emphasizes to study the technique of geological hazard risk evaluation on the base of GIS, and elaborates a series of principles and method of that technique. In the process of study, the model of geological hazard evaluation is established by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, which can resolve effectively the indefinite characteris- tics of the disaster evaluation. Lastly, according to activity and formation conditions in Fuzhou –ShangGan area, this paper discusses the relation between the each kind of main control element of the risk factor and vulnerability factor and hazard, and takes the analytic hierarchy process to quantity and simplify the factors. Making use of the GIS platform estimates and evaluates the geological hazard risk of that district. Then, the paper evaluat-ed the geological hazard risk in the location by the GIS platform. Compared with the ex-isting evaluation method, the author found that the evaluation result not only reflects completely the distribution features of the geological hazard risk but also proves the possibility, superiority and rationalities of the method.