Studies On Bioactive Components And Accumulative Dynamics Of Conventional Nutrient Components Of Seven Species Of Chenopodiaceae Plants In Songnen Grassland

Songnen grassland, in the West of Jilin province, is one of the most serious regions of saline-alkali soil in China. The total area is attached to 1.533 million km2 and, more seriously, 43.7 percent of which has been in the situation of deterioration. In these areas there live lots of Chenopodiaceae plants, including Suaeda. glauca, Suaeda. corniculata and Suaeda. salsa etc a comparatively huge resource to arise our attention. Presently, except for a little amount of S. glauca seeds which are used as refined feeding-stuff by local people, a large amount of Chenopodiaceae resource hasn't been effectively utilized. In this paper, studies on the bioactive components such as fatty oils, unsaturated fatty acid and betaine in seven species of Chenopodiaceae in Songnen grassland and the change of the conventional nutrient components of different parts of these plants have been carried out. The result has proved that: (1) The seed oils of seven Chenopodiaceae plants have high nutrient and hygienical values, while, it is also abundent. The fatty oil fixed in Suaeda, glauca and corniculata seeds are 24.39 per, 15.80 per and 15.67 per respectively and the index of the rest four plants(Chenopodium. glaucum L., Chenopodium. acuminatum Willd., Salsola. collina Pall and Kochia. sieversiana Pall.)are 7.31 per, 7.23 per, 14.35 per and 17.40 per in turn. (2) The unsaturated fatty acid is on account of 81 per to 90 per of the gross contents of the fatty oil. The unsaturated fatty acid in seed oil of Salsola even attach to 89.89 per. linoleic acid is a kind of essential fatty acid to human and its contents vary from 46.89 per to 60.86 per. linolenic acid contents are between 4.10 per and 11.01 per. The seed oils of the seven species of plants contain high haxedocanoic acid, which ranges from 7.59 per to 12.78 per. Except for acuminate and salsa, the oleic acid content in the seed oil of other plants is from 13.00 per to 33.06 per. It is observed that there is fatty acid of odd number carbon in the seed oils of glaucum, acuminate. (3) The betaine contents in glauca, is as high as 2.7981 mg/g, followed by corniculata, Salsola collina, salsa, K. scoparia and Ch. glaucum. The Ch. acuminate displays the lowest content of 1.0567mg/g. According to the different part of plant, the betaine contents in fruits are highest, followed by leaves, stalks and roots, i.e. the fruits have high betaine contents, the contents in leaves are inferior to those of fruits, and the contents of the roots are the lowest. But the content of Ch. Glaucum leaves is higher than that of Glaucum fruits. (4) Protein contents in different parts of plants display regular changes: leaves' > stalks'>roots' and the contents of protein in flowers and fruits are higher than that in roots and stalks during the corresponding periods. In the whole growing stage from infancy to burliness, protein contents in roots, stalks and leaves gradually decline; protein contents in the leaves of glaucum and acuminate increase slightly at the beginning while descend rapidly after growing period. (5) The fluctuation of rough fat contents in various parts of the plants is relatively uniform. From high to low, the rough fat contents in various parts are leaves, stalks and roots. In the whole growing periods, the fat contents in roots, stalks and leaves take on a slowly dropping trend. But the contents of stalks and leaves of corniculata increase after florescence. (6) The changes of soluble carbohydrate contents of the plants are conform to the season dynamic changes of protein contents. From high to low, the turns of soluble carbohydrate contents in various parts are leaves, stalks and roots. In whole growth period, soluble carbohydrate contents of various parts of glaucum, acuminate and salsa increase constantly at the start and reach the max at florescence, then reduce gradually. The rest all show gradually drop, but soluble carbohydrate contents of K. scoparia leaves increase after florescence. Considering of environmental protection and regeneration of plants, it suggests that we sho...