Studies On The Biological Characteristics Of Morchella Angusticeps

Sixty single ascospore strains of Morchella angusticeps (Peck) Boudier were crossed between each two single ascospore strains. According to experiment results, seven strains Mc21, Mc22, Mc25, Mc27, McO2, McO3 and Mc2m3 were picked out and identified as Morchella angusticeps by morphology and molecular biology. And the biological characteristics of the seven strains were reported in this paper, which include nutrition materials, cultural conditions, growth graph, cultural characters of mycelium, sclerotium and colony, mycelial differentiation, sclerotial differentiation and development.The results indicate that the mycelium grow best on PDA medium and better on PDA synthesized medium. Soybean sprout medium is good. MYG and YGA medium are worse. As carbon sources, soluble starch and maltose are better; saccharose and glucose are good; glycerin and mellifluence are not suitable. As nitrogen sources, KNO3 and NaNO3 are better. However, carbamide, peptone, (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3 are worse. Suitable carbon- nitrogen ratio for growth of the mycelium is 20 : 1~ 30 : 1. With the ratio of 25 '. 1, the mycelium grow fastest and reach 11.03mm/d. Favorable cultural condition for growth of the mycelium is 20~25C, pH6.0~7.0, darkness. The optimum pH is 6.0. In a limited period, mycelial growth graph shows serration while cultural time extends. Specific growth rate(u ) of strain McO2 is 0.28d-1 and mean doubling time(g) is 2.48d. Cultural characters of mycelium, sclerotium and colony show great diversity as a result of different medium or different strain.The microstructure and ultrastructure of aerial mycelium, substrate mycelium and sclerotium in each period from germination to maturation were observed by microscope, fluorescence microscope and transmission electron microscope. The microstructure characters of ascocarp were described in this paper.