Features Of Avian Community And Their Relationships With Habitats In Nandagang Wetland

In this paper, based on results of survey of avian community from March 2001 to 2003, we studied the Nandagang Coastal Wetlands avian community and evaluated the quality of regional environment. The majoy conclusions from this research are following:1. The structure of avian community. Form March 2001 to July 2003, the birds resource was investigated in Nandagang Coastal Wetlands of Hebei Province.There were 253 species of birds belonging to 116 genus, 51 families and 17 orders in which 39 species (15.42%) of summer residents, 9 species (3.56%) of winter residents, 187 species (73.91%) of travelers ,16 species(6.32%) residents and 2 species 0.79%) stragglers. Among them, five (1.98%) of the species recorded in Nandagang Coastal Wetlands were national first-grade protected wildlife, including black stork, iniperial eagle, red-erowned crane ^ Siberian white and great bustard. Thirty seven (14.62%) of the species recorded were national second-grade protected wildlife and 2 species were new records in Hebei Province, which were lesser coucal and chestnut-winged cuckoo. There were distinct characterstics of the North China avifauna and the Pacific monsoon area avifauna in Nandagang Coastal Wetlands avifauna, and 178 species of palearotic birds (70.36%), 14 oriental (5.53%), 61 epidemic(24,.11 %). In spring, there were tow migration peaks: geese and ducks in March and waders in April, while there were no such peaks in the fall. The research indicated that the main key factors which influenced bird species diversity were very location, habitat degradation and climate change.2. Comparison on avian community among four habitats. In the four typical habitats, the sequence of species richness was: reed and swamp habitat> wood and shrub habitat> salt field and shrimp pond habitat > cropland habitat, among which reed and swamp habitat and cropland habitat contained 118(46.64%) and 36 (14.23%) species; The sequence of density was: salt field and shrimp pond habitat > wood and shrub habitat>reed and swamp habitat> cropland habitat, among which salt field and shrimp pond habitat was 21.4270 /hm2.3. The relationship between birds and habitats. In reed and swamp habitat, bird species number bird diversity and biomass increased with the water area and habitat heterogeneity, but there were negative correlation between the bird species number and intensity of human; In wood and shrub habitat, bird species number and density had positively correlated with the vegetation diversity and the total area of shrub, the bird diversity and biomass had positively correlated with the total area of orbor and the negative correlation with intensity of human; In cropland habitat, bird species number had positively correlated with the area of wasteland and the negative correlation with intensity of human and the area of cropland, the bird density had positively correlated with vegetation heterogeneity, the birddiversity had positively correlated with habitat heterogeneity, and biomass had positively correlated with vegetation heterogeneity and habitat heterogeneity; In salt field and shrimp pond habitat?bird species number had negative correlated with the building area and deep water and positively correlated with the moderate water, the bird density had negative correlated with sand area and positively correlated with shallow water, the bird diversity had positively correlated with vegetation diversity and moderate water and negative correlated with building area and deep water, and biomass had positively correlated with deep water and negative correlated with moderate water.