Callus Induction And Anthocyanin Accumulation In Celosia Cristata 'Phumosa'

Culture conditions for callus induction and anthocyanin accumulation of Celosia cristata 'phumosa' were studied in this paper. The induction rate, callus growth and anthocyanin accumulation of different explants isolated from the seedings in different age were compared for the selecting of rapid-growing and steadily-anthocyanin-accumulating lines. Two callus lines JSA10 and JSA25 were established and the former was used to investigate the factors regulating callus growth and pigmentation. The main results are as follows:Seeds of Celosia cristata 'phumosa' were germinated on 1/2 MS medium and the seedings with different age were harvested. The explants of for root, hypocotyl and cotyledon were cultured. Among them the hypocotyls from 20d or 30d seedings was the best for callus forming and anthocyanin production. The proper medium was MS supplementing with 0.1mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5mg/L BA in callus induction and subculture.JSA10 (magenta colored line) and JSA25 (orange colored line) were selected from subculture. Both of them showed similar "S-type" growth curve, of which JSA10 was better in callus growth and pigmentation, and the period of anthocyanin production was longer. The beginning of exponential growth phase for JSA10 was 8th day, with a rapid growth phase from 8th to 12th day followed by a slower growth phase from 14th to 18th day, then entered a senescence phase after 20th day. The anthocyanin accumulation reached its highest level when the growth was slower (14th to 18th day). In contrast with JSA10, JSA25 showed a shorter growth cycle and entered exponential growth phase 2 days earlier and had a short rapid growth phase. Its peak of anthocyanin accumulation was matched the slower growth phase.JSA10 was subcultured and the effect of plant growth regulators on callus growth and anthocyanin production was examined. 2,4-Do.2+BA1-2, 2,4-D0.2+KT5, NAA2+BA1 were suitable and the best combination was 2,4-Do.2+BA2. Effects of different basic media, carbon sucrose and total nigrogen concentration on callus growth and anthocyanin production of JSA10 were compared, of which, MS, B5 and LS were optimal for callus growth and anthocyanin production concentrations of 30-40g/L was fitness both for callus growth and for pigmentation. Sucrose of 90g/L in the medium could produce more anthocynin but inhibited callus growth. When the medium containing 30mmol/L nitrogen callus growth and pigmenting appeared better. Higher concentration of nitrogen increased more anthocyanin but inhibited callus growth. Growth suppression was observed with NH/ was only nitrogen source added in the medium.Stronger illumination was necessary in callus growth and anthocyanin production of Celosia cristata 'phumosa', and effects of light quality were obvious, blue and red lights enhanced callus growth and only blue light showed significant effect on anthocyanin production.