Effects Of Starvation On The Related Physiological And Biochemical Index In Blood And Some Tissues Of The Spotted Dove

OBJECTIVEThe effects of starvation on weight,the related blood index,glycogen,protein and fat of muscle and liver,enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT),and maleic dialdehyde (MDA) content and histological structure and positive expression of Bax,Bcl-2 and c-Fos in the livers of Streptopelia chinensis were discussed in starvation for 1, 2 and 3 days as treatments,to provide basic data for the research on physiological and biochemical status of Streptopelia chinensis.METHODSAfter a week of laboratory domestication,providing food and water,the Spotted Doves were randomly divided into four groups selected similar weight (120g or so),respectively 0 day starvation,one day starvation,two days starvation and three days starvation,each with six.The experiments started after indigestion for one day and the weight of the Spotted Doves were measured in each group,during the experiment,feeding the first group and completely fasting the other groups(normal drinking water),physiological and biochemical changes were measured using the automatic biochemical analyzer and conventional blood physiological measurements of blood,the SOD,CAT activity,MDA,protein and glycogen contents in the liver were measured using colorimetric detection,Hanson et al (1963) determination of fat content of fat extracted Changes,the Spotted Doves structural changes in the liver during starvation were observed using bio-microscopy observation and expression changes of Bax,Bcl-2 and c-Fos were measured by immunohistochemistry combined with stereological methods in the liver of the Spotted Doves during starvation.RESULTS1. The weight loss after starvation is greater than the normal group,the number of red blood cells was significantly reduced and hemoglobin content was significantly decreased,the red blood cell osmotic fragility elevated;the blood glucose and triglyceride levels decreased significantly after starvation treatment,the cholesterol content decreased,but there was no difference,blood total protein, albumin and globulin content decreased significantly during starvation treatment, the content of Na+ is higher than Cl- and K+ and Ca2+ contents were much less;effects of starvation on K+ was less and no signifcant,but content of Ca2+ was decreased, Na+ and Cl- contents increased in hunger with the extension of the time.2. The glycogen content in the muscle and liver reduced with the increased starvation days(P<0.05), but the protein and fat content were significantly decreased(P<0.05).3. The antioxidant enzyme activities in the muscle and liver were affected by starvation,the SOD, CAT activity were significantly inhibited(P < 0.05),and increased with the increased starvation days, but the MDA content were significantly increased (P <0.05).4. The organizational structure of the liver was affected by starvation,the organizational structure of the liver did not change significantly after 1d and 2d of hunger,after 3 days starvation,post-liver tissue densed,liver cells increased and irregular, endocrine granule cells reduced the cell boundaries are not clear.5. The expression of Bax,Bcl-2 and c-Fos in the liver of the Spotted Doves were affected by starvation,the ratio of Bal-2 and Bax in starvation 2 days was decreased compared with normal group,and further strengthened after the 3 days,the expression of c-Fos was no difference between the starvation group and the normal group,but the number of positive cells increased.CONCLUSION1. The number of red blood cells and hemoglobin content was significantly decreased after 3 days starvation,the blood glucose and triglyceride levels decreased significantly after 1 day starvation, it showed they were sensitive to the early starvation, but cholesterol lowering late.2. The content of glycogen in the muscle and liver were decreased significantly after 3 days starvation, the content of fat decreased in starvation 1 day,and the lower rate increased with the starvation days, it may be related to tissue glucose reserve mobilization and gluconeogenesis, the muscle protein was no significant difference among the groups, but lower in the liver.3. There is an injury on the SOD and CAT activity in the muscle and liver after starvation in starvation 2,3 days, but the content of MDA increased since the first starvation day,it suggested that starvation can cause tissue antioxidant activity decreasing,the levels of lipid peroxidation elevating.4. The expression of Bax increased, Bcl-2/Bax decreased 2-days starvation,the expressed cells of c-Fos increased in starvaion 1 day,but the expressed cells of Bcl-2 decreased,so starvation can lead to the liver apoptotic cells increase,and the influences were strenghed during starvation days.Starvation stress can cause the depletion of tissue energy substances,metabolic disordering,much free radicals, thereby causing apoptosis increasing to a certain extent, impacting the normal physiological functions of the body.