Design And Simulation For A New Type Of Photonic Crystal

Photonic crystals is composite structural materials that can control the motion state of photon,constituted by two or more different dielectric materials periodically arranged in space. Made great progress since 1987 in which it has been proposed. At present the main features of photonic crystals is the photonic band gap, photon localization and negative refraction。Because of these three features it has a very broad application prospects, and quickly became a hot research scientists from various countries.The distribution of gap bands in the square lattice, triangular lattice, and hexagonal (honeycomb) lattice of two-dimensional dielectric column and air column photonic crystal based on ZnSe are calculated. The relation between band gap of three different cylindrical dielectric photonic crystal structures and fill ratio, dielectric constant ratio is studied. The conclusion of the same type of photonic crystal was found,that the gap bands of TE mode are formed easier in the dielectric column photonic crystal and the gap bands of TM mode are formed easier in the air column photonic crystal. Center frequency corresponding to the gap bands decreases with the increase of the dielectric constant and with the increase of the lattice radius.A new type of photonic crystal is designed based on the triangular lattice and the hexagonal lattice. In both cases dielectric column and air column photonic crystal, according to the shape of the different columns and hole, band structures of square, hexagonal and round six different types of photonic crystals are calculated. The relation between band gap of each type of photonic crystal and fill ratio, dielectric constant ratio is studied. The following results are obtained by analyzing. In the medium columnar photonic crystals, center frequency corresponding to the gap bands decrease with the increase of the dielectric constant and with the increase of the lattice radius, and center frequency corresponding to the gap bands of TE mode and TM mode decreases in accordance with the cylindrical, hexagonal columns, square columns. In the air hole photonic crystals, center frequency corresponding to the gap bands decrease with the increase of the dielectric constant and increase with the increase of the lattice radius, and center frequency corresponding to the gap bands of TE mode and TM mode decrease in accordance with the cylindrical, hexagonal columns, square columns.Complete band gap of the new types of photonic crystals is generated more easily, and the width of band gap is wider than the first three lattices. The parameters when complete band gap exists are given.