The Research On Theory And Method Of Gyroscopes In The Earth Rotation Parameters Determination

Earth rotation is an important earth movement form. It doesn't only relate people's daily life but also matters theoretically and practically. Earth rotation parameters include earth rotation rate change (the length of day) and polar motion movement. The accurate ERP is necessary for Geodynamics and Space Geodesy. At present, IERS applies various spatial surveying technologies such as VLBI, SLR, GPS, DORIS comprehensively to calculate earth rotation parameters and provides a result value every day. Due to the impact of sea tide, atmosphere and ocean current, earth rotation parameter varies in day scale and sub-day scale. With the increasing demand for earth rotation parameters of high precision and resolution, this paper tries to apply gyros to determine the earth rotation parameters.Gyroscopes can process with the sensitivity to earth rotation due to one of its features—procession. This shows gyroscopes'procession relating to earth rotation movement, which makes it possible to determine earth rotation parameters by gyroscopes. This paper, by the deduction of Euler Equation of gyroscopes'motion, generates the principle formula of calculating earth rotation rate and latitude. Based on the GAT magnetic suspension gyroscope researched and produced by our research team, the measurement of earth rotation parameters is firstly experimented. Through designing experimental steps, experimental data analysis and pre-processing, the result value is calculated. This shows that applying gyroscope to determine earth rotation parameters is feasible. This paper finally assesses the theoretical precision of GAT magnetic suspension gyroscope measuring earth rotation parameters. The result shows that gyroscope's precision is the critical element to affect earth rotation parameters measurement.There is an essential difference between the spatial Geodesy technologies and the gyroscopes for measuring the earth rotation parameters. With the development of gyroscope technologies and improvement in precision, monitoring the earth rotates change by gyroscopes will undoubtedly be a promising technology.