| Qinling-Bashan Mountains in Shanxi province, where geological hazards have been frequently happening, Landslides, rock falls which are the most wide hazards and ground subsidences take place widely, is greatly suffered from geologic disasters in China.The paper have a deep analysis and study on the formation lithology, geological tectonic and its relationship to the geological disaster, base on great collection of the predecessor's research results and extensive field investigation. In the first, this paper taking Qinling-Bashan Mountains in Shanxi province as the research background has analyzed environmental characteristic of geological hazards and summarized the distribution characteristics of geological hazards in combination with regional survey of geological hazards. Then, this paper deals with the controlling effect of formation lithology and geologic structure on geological hazards, taking an example of Ziyang in the south Qinling. Finally, by analyzing investigation of typical landslide disaster near Hongshan town, find out main lithology, Structural geometry and kinematics, Briefly discussed structural dynamics, further analyzed the controlling effect. Mainly achieved the following results:(1)The unique Geotectonic Setting and evolution of Qinling-Bashan Mountains construct special disaster-pregnant environment, the distribution of the geological disasters appear with different space-time regularity, of mass occurrence, chain-reacting and so on.(2)The type and degree of development of geological hazards formed by different lithologic conditions of Ziyang area in the south Qinling are also different.(3)The geological structure in Ziyang area controls the disaster with obvious characteristics of spatial differentiation, a belt type distribution and so on, performed in specific control mode.(4)By investigating detailed xiangjiang landslide and shishicun landslide near Hongshan town, finish the field measured sections, indoor rock ore appraisal, flat projection, rock group analysis and so on. According to the analysis, the paper shows that formation lithology and geologic structure have an important controlling effect.
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