Study On Traditional Botanical Knowledge Of The Mongolians Of Bairin Right Banner In Inner Mongolia

Traditional botanical knowledge, which is formed from interrelationship between the Mongolians and plants in Bairin Right Banner of Inner Mongolia, includes the indigenous knowledge of folk nomenclature and usage of local wild plants.There are 203 folk plant names used by native Mongolians corresponding to 182 species,8 varieties, and lform andl cultivated varieties in modern taxonomy. Local folk plant names have its own significant structure, category, basis of nomenclature, and have disguising features of regional and cultural characteristics. The names of folk plants are still used by local people, showing significance of practical using values and existing values.Traditional knowledge on usage of wild plants concerns 8 aspects. They are food use, medicinal use, forage use, construction, technical and craft use, faggot use, commodity use, cultural use and other use.44 species of wild plants are used for diet, which including 5 species for grains,2 species for edible oils,10 species for tea,19 species as vegetables,15 as fruits and 6 as seasoning. There. are 21 species of wild plants are used for medicine, and another 10 species for veterinary medicine. Folk medicinal plants with medicinal parts of diversification, medicinal method is simple characteristics can cure cough, arthritis, cattle fever, falls, injuries and other common diseases. Moreover,32 species of forage plant are mentioned by local Mongols, in which 65.79% is excellent forage plants and benign ones. In addition, there are 34 species of wild plants used as construction, technical and craft materials,7 species as faggot,4 species as commodity, and 5 species for other utilization. All of these wild plants play an important role in the production and daily life of native residents. Through the local traditional culture such as plant worship, folk story, folk literature, folk song, and their various ways and behavior etc., the local Mongolian enrich the content of bio-culture diversity. At the same time, it also plays an important role in protection and rational utilization of local plants. In addition, basing on the calculated method of Ecological Sorenson Similarity Index, this paper compares the similarity between wild plant resources used by the Mongols of Bairin Right Banner and the wild plant resources used by Mongols of other areas such as Arhorchin and Horqin Left Wing Rear Banner. The result shows that the similarities between wild plant resources used by the Mongols of Bairin Right Banner and wild plant resources used by the Arhorchin Mongols are more significant than the similarities between wild plant resources used by Bairin Right Banner Mongols and wild plant resources used by the Mongols of Horqin Left Wing Rear Banner, in the respect of plant species and family and genus.