The Momentum Probability Distribution Of Particles In Bose-Einstein Condensate System

Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) predicted by Albert Einstein in 1925 is a phenomenon that condensate into a quantum ground state for identical bosons. The realization of BEC is one of a major progress in physics in the past seventy years, with a report on 1995 87Rb Bose-Einstein condensation posed by Wieman in U .S .A in July. Laser cooling and trapping technique has been made great progress from pure optical method to co-operation of magnetism and light, giving us the possibility to arrive at Bose-Einstein condensation.As a band-new physical form----the macroscopic quantum state, BEC is quite different from the other physical forms with which we are familiar----solid, liquid, gas and plasma , etc. There are two directions of the theory on BEC: the static level and dynamic level, and some diffrence between dynamic behavior and static behavior of its. Pay close attention to the momentum distribution of particles in related object. This thesis reviews the basic theory and experimental technique concerning Bose-Einstein condensate. And then presents theoretical conception related to the momentum distribution of particles that was set up by Bogliubov. Based on the constraints that both the total number of atoms (N) and the thermodynamic limit. We carry out our research on the function of momentum distribution of single atom air. With the help of elementary function, we are able to understand the the momentum probability distribution of particles.