| Our country is in highlighted contradiction of economic development and environmental protection,and speed up of process of urbanization leads to blind exploitation for rural land.The decrease of rural lands has resulted in the overall degradation of ecosystem functions,and caused increasing pressure on the environment and resource.The zoning of main functional for land resources is for the sake of solution of disequilibrium in the spatial structure of land use.And the restriction of land use in important ecological function areas can establish food safety guarantee system and maintain the ecological balances.However,due to the restriction of agricultural land use in restricted development zones,the private interests of farmers has been infringed.The policy resulted in the unequally distribution of benefits in restricted regional and development area.In order to balance the welfare between different groups,and improve the efficiency of restrictive policy on agricultural land policy,reasonable compensation was the effective measures and methods when policy was practiced.This study analyzed both sides of restriction policy for rural land,from the point of farmland users and beneficiary of the protection areas.And using the theoretical experience and empirical research results from foreign countries,an analytical framework of externality was established.By analyzing farmers’welfare changes and policy cognizance of zoning,the research focused on the research of farmers’willingness to accept compensation in different protection areas,and other influence factors.An investigation has been launched of farmers’loss expectancy,attitude of participation in restriction policies and behavior status of land use.The main theory based on the main theoretical basis and experimental procedure of choice experiment method.Several sets of properties of the scheme were designed to analyze the public preference for restriction policy from different aspects of policy.In addition,hypothetical external markets has been established by the measure of farmers’willingness to accept compensation and citizens’willingness to pay.In accordance with the existing legal theory and policy implementation experience of foreign countries,the reasonable compensation was analyzed and evaluated.The specific research and discussion carried out from several aspects:First,this study assess the willingness to accept compensation for farmland use restriction.In the restricted zone,we choose two typical regions as research samples:water and soil conservation region in three gorges reservoir area and Geo-marked agricultural production areas.After that farmers’policy cognizance was analyzed,and we compared the income and welfare to the earnings before concede the land to forestry.As a result,the WTA of returning farmland to forests was 131872.50yuan/hm~2-192447.00yuan/hm~2;the minimum WTA in main production region of farm products was annual 3864.60 yuan/hm~2-10227.30 yuan/hm~2.On that basis,we set attributes of different level by combining the attributes of policy execution style,implementation range,participation means and execution time.The respondents can choose from two schemes of restriction which can reflect preferences of farmers.The results showed that the main factor impacting on the total utility of farmers was the participation attribute,and the other principal factor was the rural land areas for grain for green policy.Besides,the scheme selection of land transition limit and land investment restricted in major agricultural production regions has showed that farmers preferred to convert cultivated land into fish ponds,and extend the execution time.When weighting the scheme of reducing pesticide and fertilizer use and fallow program,farmers mainly considered the open extent of protection areas and land retirement regulations.Subsequently,with the methods of CVM and CE,the sampling survey of citizens near the protection areas has revealed that the externalities value of water conservation districts and main agricultural production regions were 28144.30 yuan/hm~2-31588.37yuan/hm~2 and 7486.65 yuan/hm~2-8337.98 yuan/hm~2.The attribute of protected areas,public accessibility and distances from respondents’address have obvious effect on citizens’protection willingness.On the other hand,residents preferred to the quality of agricultural products,cleanliness of the air and water as well as the distance attributes in main agricultural products areas.The verification of spatial heterogeneity and externality decay have been carried out by the relationship of distance and WTP.The cognitive attitude and outdoor activities of respondents have significant impact on WTP,and the boundary of externality was distance=54.90km.Under the influence of individual differences,WTP produced different distribution of outcomes on account of different district and community property partition.Finally,based on the principles and procedures of loss compensation,an externalities market was established,then the reasonable amount and methods of compensation have been proposed by calculating the subjects’gain and loss.In consideration of regional differentiation of land policy,public participation and independence,the implementation of direct government compensation and payment of benefit area residents as an auxiliary compensation in water source protection zone.And improving the farmers’role in policy-making can enhance the efficiency of restrict policy.Also,strengthening the non-agricultural construction area to increase employment opportunities for farmers can promote the policies.In main agricultural products areas,differential land policy was suggested,in order to establish an accounting mechanisms of compensation,open an interactive platform between the public and protected areas,and improve the public protection consensus. |
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