Evaluation And Framework Design Of Financial Support Policy For Family Development In China

In national governance,the family is the most basic unit,an important driving force for economic and cultural development,and an important carrier for personal development and socialization.Family provides personal growth environment with private attribute,and at the same time,as an important carrier of social function,it also has public attribute.The healthy development of the family not only helps to promote the all-round development of people,but also plays an important fundamental role in the sustainable development of social economy,which is directly related to the future of the country and nation.Providing necessary financial support for families and their members is a common practice all over the world,an important strategic task for China to promote the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity,an important guarantee for building a strong country with human resources and promoting high-quality economic development,and a key area and key link of China’s reform in the new period.In recent years,with the social transformation,changes in family structure and changes in population structure,China’s family development faces many problems and risks,such as the weakening of family functions.These problems can no longer be solved by the family’s own ability,and are in urgent need of the support of external forces such as the government and society.However,at present,our government’s financial support policy related to families is still a policy shortcoming in the field of people’s livelihood security,family development is still a weakness in the field of social governance,and there are still outstanding problems in the implementation of relevant policies,such as backward concepts and lack of policies.Therefore,family development has been paid more and more attention.General Secretary Xi Jinping spoke highly of the important role of family development and the importance of family building.He emphasized: "No matter how the times change,no matter how the economy and society develop,for a society,the family’s life support is irreplaceable,and the family’s social function is irreplaceable." We must pay attention to family development and "make thousands of families in an important basis for national development,national progress and social harmony." The 13 th Five-Year Plan emphasizes the importance of family development.The 14 th Five-Year Plan and the Long-term Goals for 2035(Draft),published in 2021,clearly emphasized the need to "strengthen family".In China,the importance and urgency of solving family problems are increasing.Comprehensively analyze the basic situation of family development in China,analyze the urgent requirements of family development and family function reconstruction and improvement,deeply analyze the current situation and problems of financial support policies for family development in China,and recognize the deficiencies of government finance in family support and guarantee.On this basis,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to clarify the general idea of financial support for family development,and to explore the main contents of the main responsibility framework and policy system framework of financial support for family development with new characteristics.Therefore,this paper focuses on the following aspects to analyze and discuss the financial support policy for family development in China.First,it deconstructs the necessity,idea,responsibility,key points,boundaries and goals of financial support for family development.First,the family development is analyzed by using Marxist marriage and family thought,and it is clear that housework has important social value.The state should actively promote the construction and development of the family as an important "public domain",and the "two kinds of production" and "economic problems" of the family are the focus of the government’s financial policy support;Secondly,based on the theory of family life cycle,this paper analyzes the stage characteristics of family development,and clarifies the differences in the needs of different families for financial support policies and the key families that should be supported by finance;Thirdly,based on the theoretical definition of family,family development and financial policy for family development,combined with public goods theory,public risk theory,new public service theory and social welfare theory,this paper analyzes the necessity,boundary,idea and goal of government promoting family development through financial policy.Fourthly,according to the new characteristics of family development,it analyzes the main responsibility of family support and the relationship between participation,cooperation and game,and analyzes the cooperation mode and support mode based on the comparative advantages of each main body and the complementary advantages and synergy under asymmetric rights.On this basis,a normative analysis framework is set up,which has explanatory power and guiding significance for the government’s financial support for family development.Secondly,the overall situation,problems and reasons of family development in China are comprehensively combed.It is concluded that at present,Chinese families have the stage characteristics of "five transformations and one backward movement" : miniaturization of scale,expansion of quantity,core structure,externalization and strengthening of functions and backward movement of life cycle center;It is believed that since the reform and opening up,the income and consumption level,asset ownership and education level of our families have been greatly improved,and the housing conditions have been greatly improved;But at the same time,there are still many problems in China’s family development,such as increased risk and uncertainty,weakened function,decreased ability of raising and supporting,increased number of unconventional families and unbalanced development among families.Finally,it analyzes the influence of social transformation,population development and marriage and family laws and regulations on family development in China.Thirdly,it comprehensively combs the historical evolution and current situation of China’s financial support policies for family development.This paper analyzes the stage characteristics of "de-familyization","familyization" and "re-familyization" of China’s financial support policy for family development;Starting with the analysis of the support of the three major policy means of financial family development to the two major policy objects,this paper analyzes the current situation of China’s family financial policy,obtains the general characteristics and main problems of China’s family support policy,and holds that the policy is limited to "passive support" of "filling the gap" and "integrating",and the main problems of China’s current financial support policy for family development are policy fragmentation and vague goals.Fourthly,it makes an empirical analysis on the ability of family development and financial support policies for family development in China.First,the projection pursuit method is used to evaluate the family development ability and its relationship with the influencing factors from the internal and external factors.The evaluation index system of family development ability is constructed,which is based on family structure type,supported by family economic ability,supported by government family policy,and composed of seven secondary indexes.It is used to measure the influence of family development ability and internal and external factors on family development ability.The empirical results show that the factors affecting family development ability in different regions are heterogeneous.By analyzing the influence of the secondary indicators affecting family development ability in different regions,it can be seen that the provinces with higher family development ability are mostly concentrated in the eastern region;Moreover,the strong family economic ability and family population quality in the eastern region have weakened the restriction of family form structure on family development ability in this region.Although families in the Midwest have the support of family structure,the overall development ability of families is still weak due to the lack of economic development ability and family population quality ability.It proves that economic factors have the greatest influence on family development ability.Second,the ridge regression estimation method is used to study the influence of external support on family development ability,especially the influence and priority of various government family support policies including financial support policies on family development ability.The results show that among the government support policies,the per capita net income of households has the greatest influence on the family development ability,followed by the minimum living security expenditure and education expenditure(taking the family as a unit),as well as the allowance for the elderly,the living allowance for the disabled with difficulties and the allowance for orphans(for family members),etc.At the same time,China’s family development and financial family support policies have great regional differences and outstanding imbalances.The third is to measure the influence of special additional tax deduction policy related to individual tax and family on family development ability.The results show that this policy is helpful to improve family development ability and realize tax reduction of 1956.56 yuan/year per household;From the perspective of family income categories,middle-and high-income families benefit more from the special additional tax deduction policy;From the perspective of regional distribution of beneficiary families,families in the eastern region benefit more;From the perspective of adjusting income distribution among families,the effect is very limited.Fifthly,learn from the international experience of financial support for family development.This paper analyzes the different combination modes and policy choices of financial family support policies in different countries under different family development support modes.Research shows that giving financial support to families is the common choice of countries with different family development models;Financial subsidies,tax incentives and family services are the three main means for governments to support family development.The analysis shows that the inclusive family allowance system implemented in France which emphasizes the traditional family function,the preferential family tax policy implemented in the United States which emphasizes the role of market,the childcare and old-age service support implemented in Sweden which emphasizes government responsibility,and the childcare service and preferential family tax support implemented in Japan which emphasizes both government responsibility and family function all have important reference significance for improving the fiscal policy of family development in China.Sixthly,according to the related theories of financial support for family development,based on the basic situation of family development and financial support in China,this paper puts forward the general idea of financial support for family development,builds a multi-subject support framework for family development led by the government,financial guarantee and multi-participation,and puts forward the construction of paying equal attention to two sides and eight dimensions(taking 2 × 4: two aspects and eight dimensions as the policy object)and "three sides and eight dimensions" simultaneously(taking "3×8" as the main one).