| With the adjustment of the national economic structure to the knowledge economy,the high-speed railway with "Time-space Compression" and "geographical extinction" came into being.At present,China’s four vertical and four horizontal high-speed skeleton network has been basically formed,with the largest scale in the world,operating speed of the fastest high-speed railway network,high-speed rail corridor has been "migratory bird","pendulum clan" and "ethnic groups across the city to flow across the city to post live","cross city hospital" such as flow phenomenon,high flow between city people,capital flow,information flow and other factors make originally by the distance dominant place space gradually transformed time dominated "flow space".Does the new spatial form produce economic effects different from those in the traditional spatial form?Based on this,this paper based on the existing literatures,according to theoretical analysis,descriptive analysis,empirical analysis,empirical analysis and countermeasure thinking,studies the economic effects of the high-speed railway construction in China,the main conclusions are as follows:(1)The theoretical analysis found that a high-speed railway construction area traffic can significantly enhance the technical level,generating employment effect caused by the cost,on the other hand can also increase the area market accessibility,employment effect,consumption caused therefore,high-speed railway construction can promote the optimal allocation of resources in a region of high iron construction;change the space gains knowledge accessibility,therefore in the city system for the control of the wage rate gap has a decisive role;the construction of high-speed rail can directly or indirectly affect the overall regional wage,by increasing the effective labor supply way therefore,high-speed railway construction can promote the optimal allocation of Regional Wage;the construction of high-speed rail directly or area economic growth,influence indirectly through a wage increase effective labor supply or affected areas so the high-speed railway construction can optimize the regional economy Growth space.The economic effect is that the "flowing space" formed after the high-speed rail opens will promote the flow of factors.It has the influence mechanism of flow,correlation,network sharing,high efficiency,elastic agglomeration and diffusion.(2)Descriptive analysis shows that the expansion of China’s railway network from the last century to the present stage is divided into 5 stages:preliminary construction,network skeleton,corridor construction,depth strengthening and high-speed rail construction.The direct economic effect of high-speed rail construction is to shorten travel time and improve regional accessibility.By 2014 the train timetable,GIS,and Putiexianbi,high iron case,between the capital city of the 31 average shortest travel time decreased from 24.50h to 17.22,the change rate is 29.58%;the average change of the economic potential accessibility rate reached 73.02%,of which the political center of Beijing and the economic center of Shanghai’s economic potential accessibility significantly improved the average daily accessibility;rate of change was 161.02%.After the high-speed rail opened,the balance between the shortest travel time and the economic potential accessibility of the provincial capital cities decreased,but the gap between the daily accessibility and the trend of balanced development tended to decrease.(3)Analysis of the employment effect measurement found that the construction of high-speed rail main employment impact on China’s eastern and central high iron city is significant,and the elastic coefficients were 0.099,0.096 and 0.135,the impact on employment of Western Small and medium sized high iron city is not significant,indicating the high iron construction industry must give full play to the effect the degree is based on local economic development level and the rational planning of the premise;high-speed railway construction significantly reduced the first industry employment level,promote the second industry,especially the third industry employment growth,and the elastic coefficients were-0.330,0.175 and 0.189,but the construction of high-speed rail is mainly on the Eastern High Iron City second in the industrial construction industry(CON)and the third industry in the information transmission and computer software industry(ITC)and other high value-added manufacturing industry,middle small high iron city in the second industry Industry and the third industry in the consumer service industry significantly;study found that high-speed rail corridor,high-speed rail is not only lower the level of employment of high iron city(0.2 and 0.3 percentile)has a significant role in promoting employment,and thehigher the level of employment(0.8 percentile)polarization of high iron has a stronger role in promoting the City show the effect of regional integration,employment.(4)Analysis of wage effect measurement,knowledge accessibility of high iron has a significant positive effect on wages,the elastic coefficient is 0.050,the impact of human capital is the biggest,the elastic coefficient is 0.083,the impact of capital innovation accessibility is minimal,the elastic coefficient is 0.044,innovation capital accessibility on wages the growth effect of further mining;intellectual capital is relatively high in the accessibility of the eastern region,the relatively small impact of intellectual capital on the reachability of wage growth,the elasticity coefficient is 0.036,and the accessibility of knowledge capital is relatively low in the western region and its influence increases,the elastic coefficient is 0.060.(5)Analysis of economic growth measurement found that the high-speed railway construction overall significantly promoted the high iron city employment growth,the elastic coefficient is 0.149;the high-speed railway construction by wages and employment have a significant positive effect on the eastern high iron city economic growth,the rest is negative,low cost and convenient effect in Ming said Chinese East large high iron city high-speed railway construction by wage brings to the enterprise productivity growth effect is greater than the high-speed railway construction brought to the lives of residents,and the high-speed railway construction to small and medium-sized city west is low cost mainly brought convenience effect should be living.(6)Foreign experience analysis found that the construction of high-speed rail direct contraction effect,influence of spatio-temporal transport market share,the regional level will expand the development gap between regions,optimize the allocation of resources,high-speed rail corridor reconstruction of city region system,city level will promote the city space system restructuring,improve city regional advantages and promote the dynamic city functional space integration.The future of the domestic high-speed rail construction challenges including how to improve the construction of a comprehensive transport system complementary to the challenge of high-speed rail traffic efficiency,regional level,how to narrow the gap between regions,with the help of Intercity High Speed Railway formed between a huge regional system,a new integrated high-speed rail corridor resources and economic China rail road there is a deviation,the city level how to use iron to improve the quality of city reconstruction of city system.(7)Outlook from micro and macro perspectives are put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions put forward suggestions on the micro "soft" and "hard" and enhance the high iron operation efficiency by improving public transport and other hardware infrastructure to improve high-speed rail accessibility and its overall appeal,the implementation of the "floating ticket price" system to build an integrated transport system complementary the supply and demand balance,high-speed rail passenger traffic in order to improve the overall efficiency of the transportation system;medium forward coordination between high-speed railway construction and city transformation strategy,namely technology,considering the financial and space station location and city development patterns to adapt,station area planning function should be compatible with the size of the the city and the economic development level of the station area and other areas should be developed into a city based on the complementary mode;macro of different node cooperative City Guide... |
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