Method And Application Of Spoofing Effectiveness Evaluation For Satellite Navigation

Global navigation satellite system(GNSS),which is a crucial choice of positioning,navigation and timing service,is playing an important role in both civilian and military fields.However,spoofing has always been one of the main threats to the security application of satellite navigation receivers.In order to improve the security of the receiver,this work focuses on the method and application of the spoofing effectiveness evaluation,and a method to evaluate the effectiveness of spoofing is proposed here.In this work,the spoofing effectiveness in typical scenarios is evaluated quantitatively.Different anti-spoofing strategies are optimized and combined according to the evaluation results,which further improves the anti-spoofing ability.The main contributions and innovation of the thesis are as follows.(1)In order to solve the problem of complex scenarios,various strategies and difficulty in quantitative evaluation,the evaluation methods and indexs about effectiveness of GNSS spoofing and anti-spoofing are proposed.The performance of diffierent anti-spoofing strategies is compared quantitatively.Spoofing evaluation is to establish the mapping process from the spoofing and anti-spoofing scenarios to the effectiveness of spoofing.This paper designs spoofing feasible power region evaluation index from the view of probability and signal power to evaluate the effectiveness of spoofing and the difficulty of spoofing attack is evaluated by calculating the effective spoofing power region.What’s more,this index can be used to evaluate the receiver security and provides feasible evaluation index and method for GNSS spoofing countermeasures.(2)Based on typical scenarios and anti-spoofing strategies,the evaluation method and index of GNSS spoofing and anti-spoofing proposed in this paper are verified,and the quantitative effectiveness results of spoofing and anti-spoofing are given in typical scenarios such as generating spoofing,repeater spoofing and spoofing-jamming attacking scenarios.In addition,the influence distance and range of spoofing under different scenarios and anti-spoofing strategies are given here.By comparing the results of spoofing in authentic signal power enhancement scenario(Enhanced power)and normal power(Normal power)scenario,it can be found that power enhancement can effectively improve the defense’s anti-spoofing ability.(3)The anti-spoofing strategies are optimized according to the results of evaluation results,and the optimized strategies are also evaluated.In the spoofing-jamming confrontation scenario,the spoofing recognition strategy in power and correlation domain dimension is optimized to reduce the false alarm probability and improve the spoofing recognition ability of the receiver.The traditional delay-locked code tracking loop in the receiver is updated to the loop based on code correlation reference waveform which can effectively improve the ability of mitigating the low-delay retransmitted spoofing.According to the evaluation results of the spoofing feasible power region,it can be found that the medium and high risk area in the spoofing feasible power region can be reduced to 59.53%(Normal power)and 62.63%(Enhanced power)of the traditional fixed threshold strategy by using the optimized power strategy,and the medium and high risk area in the spoofing feasible power region of the code correlation reference waveform loop can be reduced to 69.13%(Normal power)and 49.47%(Enhanced power)of only using the traditional delay-locked code tracking loop.(4)By combining different anti-spoofing strategies,the anti-spoofing ability of receiver is further improved.By combining the power and the correlation domain feature recognition strategy,the medium and high risk area in the spoofing feasible power region can be reduced to 23.51%(Normal power)and 31.33%(Enhanced power)of only using the feature of correlation domain.By combining the code correlation reference waveform loop with the spoofing identification strategy,the medium and high risk area in the spoofing feasible power region can be reduced to 5.17%(Normal power)and 0.00%(Enhanced power)of only using the reference waveform loop.The results show that these combined strategies can further improve the application security of satellite navigation receivers.The research of this dissertation can be used to guide the design of anti-spoofing strategy and evaluation of anti-spoofing capability of satellite navigation receiver.Some of the research results have been successfully applied in technology research and security evaluation of the satellite navigation receiver.