| As one of the most successful professional sports leagues in the world,the National Basketball Association(NBA)has attracted countless fans around the world with its superb competitive level,unique basketball culture and professional management level.NBA has not only become the most successful model of marketization of basketball in the world today,but also the object that countries around the world are scrambling to interpret and emulate in the reform of basketball professionalism.The construction of professional basketball league is an important part of the development road of "three Big Balls" with Chinese characteristics,an important support for the development of China’s sports industry,and the only way to build a sports power.However,in terms of the development status,the current market scale and production value of Chinese professional basketball league are small,uneven distribution,inadequate integration with other formats,and lack of high-quality tournament talents;From the development trend,our professional basketball League "single wheel drive" to "dual wheel drive" transformation of power interweave cannot form a resultant force,the overall strategy and the market law can not be completely anastomoses.If we can summarize the general rule of growth of American professional basketball league from the dynamic mechanism of development and strategic choice of things,not only the experience of America,but also should be seen as the common experience and results of human beings,can directly provide reference for the growth of our professional basketball league.The construction of professional basketball league is an important part of the development road of "three Big Balls" with Chinese characteristics,an important support for the development of China’s sports industry,and the only way to build a sports power.However,in terms of the development status,the current market scale and production value of Chinese professional basketball league are small,uneven distribution,inadequate integration with other formats,and lack of high-quality tournament talents;From the development trend,our professional basketball League "single wheel drive" to "dual wheel drive" transformation of power interweave cannot form a resultant force,the overall strategy and the market law can not be completely anastomoses.If we can summarize the general rule of growth of American professional basketball league from the dynamic mechanism of development and strategic choice of things,not only the experience of America,but also should be seen as the common experience and results of human beings,can directly provide reference for the growth of our professional basketball league.In this study,using literature analysis,historical research,case analysis,interview,Delphi method and other research methods,from the perspectives of systems science,history,enterprise growth theory,strategic management theory and other disciplines,the National Basketball Association(NBA)growth motivation mechanism and strategic choice were studied.The results are as follows:(1)Comprehensively analyze the growth process of the National Basketball Association from the four aspects of club,market,competition system and governance,give full consideration to the theoretical basis of enterprise growth and life cycle,and combine with the practical basis of American politics,economy and culture.The growth of National Basketball Association can be divided into five stages: incubation period(1896-1946),difficult growth period(1946-1976),rapid growth period(1976-1992),maturity period(1992-present),decline or transformation period(not yet arrived).The general characteristics are to follow the development trend of modern American society and culture,follow the collective law of the growth and expansion of American enterprises,follow the law of the growth of social organizations.(2)The National Basketball Association has different internal and external dynamics at different growth stages.The internal driving force in the gestation period is relatively simple,which is completely due to the pursuit of economic benefits.The multi-alliance competition provides the main driving force in the difficult growth period;Rapid growth period of internal governance to provide the main impetus;Mature alliance leaders provide the main impetus;The imbalance in the recession period leads to the dispersion of power.The overall performance of economic benefits is the eternal internal driving force;Culture has provided a powerful driving force in the growth of professional basketball in the United States at different stages.From the perspective of the dynamic mechanism of system operation,the National Basketball Association is a process of gradual transition from the start-up to the self-organizing dynamic mechanism of competition and cooperation,and gradually from disorder to order evolution.From the perspective of the operation mechanism of internal and external dynamic interaction,the effective linkage of internal and external factors is the operation mode of high-quality development of NBA and an important guarantee for its growth.(3)The National Basketball Association generally adopts a developmental strategy.In the specific level of strategy execution,the centralized development strategy mainly consists of market penetration strategy,market development strategy and product development strategy.The integrated development strategy mainly unfolds from two aspects: vertical integration and horizontal integration.The development strategy of related diversification adopts the mixed strategy of concentric diversification and horizontal diversification.Its strategic choice is based on external opportunities and threats as well as internal resources and capabilities.From the strategic analysis of GS matrix(strategic clustering model),NBA chooses reasonable and appropriate strategies in different growth stages,which becomes an important guarantee for its healthy growth.(4)Judging from the profit situation of the league and the clubs,the number and geographical distribution of the clubs and the club property right system,the professional basketball league is still in a difficult period of growth.The enlightenments obtained are as follows: First,our country should transform the deviation of social cognition to competitive sports,and the school education faces up to the value of educating sports;Second,from the perspective of the growth of social organizations,China’s economic conditions and national policy guidance and support already have a good social environment for the growth of CBA.There is still a management mode of "big government,small society" in government governance.The government conducts governance through legislation and appropriate decentralization of power is conducive to maintaining the vitality of social organizations.Resources allocation through the nationwide system can highlight the institutional advantages of China.Chinese professional basketball league should carefully calculate human capital,make it in a state of sustainable development,and learn from the National Basketball Association to maintain competitive balance system,expand social recognition,strengthen innovation ability;Thirdly,the driving force of our professional basketball league is transitioning from the "single wheel drive" of the government to the "dual wheel drive" mode of the government and the market.However,the boundary between the government and the market is not completely clarified,resulting in the interweaving of internal and external forces.Under the background of the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics,we should adhere to the combination of the nationwide system and the market mechanism,ensure the same value orientation inside and outside the system,that is,to serve the overall goal of the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.At the same time,we should clarify the management authority with institutional construction,so as to ensure the dialectical unity of "organized" and "self-organized" in the system,and promote the system opening up through "leading" construction.Establish the check and balance mechanism to create the competitive and cooperative dynamic mechanism of professional basketball league.Fourth,through GS matrix analysis,enterprises in the second quadrant should ensure healthy growth through market development,market penetration,horizontal integration and other strategies,or they may face the risk of liquidation. |
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