The Influence Of Marriage Education Matching On Family Income Gap

The income gap of Chinese residents is large and fluctuates at a high level.At the same time,family income gap and family wealth gap as a unit are also expanding,this phenomenon has been widely concerned,and become a hot and cutting-edge issue of economic,social,management and other disciplines.Gini coefficient is an important indicator reflecting the income gap.Scholars calculate it based on different data and methods in order to describe the income gap in China.There are abundant research achievements,but there are great differences in the results.From the perspective of "family culture",compared with individual income gap,family income inequality can better reflect the income inequality of Chinese residents,and the study of family income gap can better reflect the current situation of social income inequality.As the key to family structure,marriage matching pattern plays a leading and direct role in family income.Therefore,studying the mechanism of marriage education matching on family income gap can provide new ideas and new approaches to improve the current situation of family income inequality in China,which has important practical significance.Based on the above background,based on theoretical analysis,this paper studies the evolution characteristics and internal structural differences of Chinese family income inequality by using micro-household survey data such as CGSS and CHIP,and measures the positive matching degree between the proportion of educational homogenous marriage and marriage education.This paper probes into the mechanism of marriage education matching affecting family income gap in order to find multiple ways to narrow family income gap.The following conclusions were obtained: First,there is a large degree of inequality in China’s total household income and per capita household income.From 2006 to 2017,the Gini coefficient of total household income fluctuated between 0.47 and 0.52,while the Gini coefficient of per capita household income fluctuated between 0.50 and 0.54,and the highest point was 0.519 and 0.5396 respectively in 2011.From the perspective of time,the proportion of high-income families increases while that of low-income families decreases,and the overall income level of the society increases.However,from the perspective of its internal structure,high-income families occupy a higher proportion of the total income of the society,occupying the resources of low-income families to a certain extent,and the overall trend of the society tends to be class-solidified.At the same time,both the sample number and the income share of the low-low-education combination families are declining,and the income decline is much higher than the sample number.The high-high-education combination families and the high-low-education combination families are gradually increasing,accounting for a large proportion of the social income.Second,there are two main reasons for the formation of educational homogeneity: one is the mechanism of character selection;Second,the marriage market mechanism.Education has become an important indicator of mate selection.Through empirical examination of the formation path of educational homogenous marriage,it is found that social members with higher education are more likely to choose educational homogenous marriage.Third,the generation overlap model of the three phases is constructed.Through parameter estimation and model model,it is found that the formation of family income inequality is not related to individual innate endowment,but mainly depends on the family’s low educational investment in children and children’s choice of educational homogeneity.A decline in the "marginal output" of investment in early education can narrow the household income gap.The reduction of educational homogenous marriage ratio can reduce the family income gap,but merely adjusting the matching mode of marriage education may reduce the utility level of the whole society.Fourthly,the empirical test results of marriage education match on family income gap show that: using the regression method of influence function of recentralization,it is found that the increase of education homogenous marriage proportion produces the Matthew effect of "the rich get richer and the poor get poorer",resulting in the expansion of family income inequality;The results of the propensity score matching method show that the net effect of homogenous marriage with selective education on the relative deprivation degree of family per capita income is positive after adjusting for possible selection bias.The results of counterfactual simulation show that the positive matching of marriage education reduces first and then tends to increase family income inequality.Compared with this kind of research,the innovation of this paper lies in the following three points :(1)taking marriage education matching and family income gap as the research object,and drawing conclusions through the theoretical and empirical research on the influence mechanism of the two.Based on this argument,promoting the reform of education system,improving the redistribution of income and improving social security can alleviate the gap in family income and provide a new reform direction for China’s income distribution principle of "focusing on efficiency in primary distribution and focusing on fairness in redistribution".(2)Family is the smallest unit of economic activity.To study Chinese family income inequality from the perspective of positive matching of marriage education and explore the mechanism of marriage education matching affecting family income gap can provide new ideas for alleviating class consolidation and narrowing family income gap.(3)Construct a three-stage generation overlap model,use numerical simulation to qualitatively analyze the effect mechanism of marriage education match on family income inequality,and quantify marriage and education to simulate the dynamic process of family income expansion.Using the propensity score matching method to correct the possible selection bias problem,avoid the self-selection problem of marriage matching,eliminate the difference between selective and non-selective education homogenous mating families by matching,and improve the quantitative accuracy of the impact of marriage matching on family income gap.