| Under the background of the implementation of national innovation-driven development strategy and the transformation & upgrading of China’s manufacturing industry,how to improve the innovation ability and innovation level of enterprises and realize the leap from "made in China" to "created in China" has become the focus of attention of all walks of life.University-industry collaboration(UIC)is considered to be an effective means for enterprises to obtain complementary resources for technological innovation in the open innovation era,and it also plays an active role in promoting regional innovation.In recent years,more and more enterprises choose to cooperate with universities to break through the innovation chain faster.At the same time,the Central Committee of the China Communist Party,the State Council and local governments attach great importance to the development of UIC,and have issued several supporting measures respectively.However,different from the development reality of UIC,the effect of the UIC on the technological innovation of the enterprises is not clear in theoretical and empirical studies.More importantly,there are no studies that have found out the driving factors of the UIC behavior of the enterprises,nor the influencing mechanism of the UIC behavior on the technological innovation of the enterprises.Given this,based on the relevant research at home and abroad,this paper makes a systematic study on the antecedents for the UIC behavior of the manufacturing enterprises,the effect of the UIC behavior of the enterprises on firms’ technological innovation,and the influencing mechanism of the UIC behavior on the technological innovation of the enterprises,including the following points:Firstly,the key concepts such as UIC behavior and technological innovation of enterprises are defined,and the basic theories used in this study are summarized and summarized,including open innovation theory,resource-based view and its extension,upper echelons theory,and strategic management theory.Based on the definition of concept and analysis of related theories,we propose the research framework of the paper.Secondly,the paper explores the driving factors of the UIC behavior of Chinese manufacturing enterprises by using probit regression.The research suggests that,in general,enterprise resource factors,executive characteristic factors,market factors and regional higher education resource abundance all have significant influence on the UIC behavior of the manufacturing enterprises.However,the effects of different enterprise resource factors,executive characteristic factors and market factors on the UIC behavior of Chinese manufacturing enterprises are very different.In addition,the influencing factors of UIC behavior of Chinese manufacturing enterprises will be different due to the differences of firm size,firm age and cooperative innovation type.Thirdly,the paper makes a thorough study of the net effect of UIC behavior on technological innovation of enterprises by using the method of propensity score matching(PSM)which can overcome the sample selection bias.The research shows that,the UIC behavior of enterprises has a significant role in promoting technological innovation(including product innovation and process innovation)of Chinese manufacturing enterprises.However,the impact of firms’ UIC behavior on firm product innovation is greater than that on process innovation.Moreover,the influence of UIC behavior on technological innovation of different types of enterprises also has heterogeneity.In addition,the UIC behavior of firms has the characteristics of “self selection”.Ignoring the “self selection” problem will lead to biased estimation results.Using the PSM method can effectively control the sample selection bias and obtain more reliable estimation results.Finally,the paper uses causal intermediary effect model to investigate the mediating mechanism of the UIC behavior on the technological innovation of the enterprise,and the grouping regression is used to investigate the moderating effect of the institutional environment on the relationship between the UIC behavior of the enterprise and firm technological innovation,and reveals the mediating mechanism and boundary conditions of the influence of the UIC behavior of the enterprise on firm technological innovation.The research shows that the UIC behavior of enterprises can improve the level of technological innovation(product innovation intensity)by improving the R&D intensity,promoting the application of IT and promoting the vertical cooperation opportunities of enterprises.Moreover,the effect of the UIC behavior of enterprises on firm technological innovation is influenced by the institutional environment(including the property rights institutions environment and the contracting institutions environment)in the region where the enterprise is located.That is,in the area with better property rights institutions(or contracting institutions),the UIC behavior of enterprises has a stronger role in promoting firms’ technological innovation(product innovation intensity).This study takes Chinese manufacturing enterprises as research samples,systematically analyzes the driving factors of the UIC behavior of enterprises,the effect of firms’ UIC behavior on firm technological innovation and the specific influencing mechanism,enriches the research results of the UIC-related researches,and has a high reference for the practice of firms’ R&D strategy and the formulation of the UIC supporting policies of the relevant decision departments of the state. |
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