Higher Education,Intellectual Property Protection And Urban Innovation

As the spatial carrier of innovation activities,cities are the gathering place of all kinds of innovation resources and elements.Therefore,giving full play to the enthusiasm of cities in innovative development and improving urban innovation ability is the inevitable requirement of building an innovative country.At the same time,innovation also profoundly determines the future of the city.With the help of instrumental variable method and double difference method,based on the data at the urban level and micro enterprise level,and according to the logical idea of"innovation source→innovation diffusion→innovation protection and application",this dissertation makes an in-depth study on the factors affecting urban innovation from three aspects of higher education,high-speed railway and intellectual property rights,and especially emphasizes the importance of university knowledge spillover to innovation.Specifically,this dissertation first investigates the causal effect of higher education resources on urban innovation with the help of the instrumental variables constructed by the policy impact of the National College and department adjustment in 1952,and empirically tests the functional channels of human capital,knowledge spillover and agglomeration economy.Considering the serious uneven spatial distribution of universities,especially research universities,and the localization of knowledge spillover,this dissertation further investigates the impact of the improvement of transportation infrastructure on enterprise innovation in cities lacking higher education resources,The mechanism is that the high-speed railway promotes the knowledge flow of colleges and universities and enhances the radiation scope of colleges and universities,especially research universities.Then,considering the importance of innovation institutional environment in the era of knowledge economy,this dissertation discusses the impact of urban intellectual property governance ability on enterprise innovation from the perspective of intellectual property protection and with the help of the quasi natural experiment of national intellectual property demonstration city construction.The main conclusions are as follows:First,on the whole,universities have significantly improved the innovation level of the city.At the same time,the impact of universities on urban innovation has obvious heterogeneity.The type structure of universities in the eastern region,science and technology oriented universities and high-quality universities play a more obvious role in promoting urban innovation.In terms of action mechanism,universities mainly affect urban innovation through human capital supply,knowledge spillover and agglomeration economy.Second,the high-speed railway has significantly improved the number and quality of innovation of listed companies.The results of mechanism analysis show that after the opening of high-speed railway,the knowledge spillover of listed companies acquiring colleges and universities increases significantly.Specifically,the opening of high-speed railway increases the number of patents cited by listed companies from colleges and universities by about 17%.Further analysis shows that enterprises that rely more on the research results of colleges and universities,enterprises with strong knowledge absorption capacity and non-state-owned enterprises are more affected by the high-speed railway.Third,the improvement of urban intellectual property governance helps to promote firm innovation.The construction of national intellectual property rights demonstration city aiming at improving the level of intellectual property rights governance has significantly improved the number and quality of innovation of enterprises through two channels:improving the innovation willingness of enterprises and talent effect.At the same time,the policy effect has obvious heterogeneity,and the construction of national intellectual property demonstration city plays a more obvious role in promoting the innovation of non-state-owned enterprises and high-tech enterprises.In addition,this dissertation also finds that the construction of national intellectual property demonstration city not only has a significant positive effect on the innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises,but also has a positive effect on the innovation of large-scale enterprises.This study provides policy inspiration and a new analytical perspective for understanding the gap of urban innovation level and improving urban innovation ability.