Study On The Co-location And Co-establishment Of Party And Government Institutions With Chinese Characteristics Under The Vision Of The Party’s Overall Leadership

In the new era of comprehensively deepening the reform of Party and state institutions,the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions is a concrete way to strengthen the overall leadership of the Party and optimize the functional system of Party and government institutions,and is an important organizational form and institutional arrangement in contemporary China.The co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions is the defining feature of the reform of Party and state institutions in the new era,which profoundly reflects the political theme of unifying institutional reform under the overall leadership of the Party,and contains a deep political logic.The advancement of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions at the practical level has attracted the attention of academics,but in general,relevant research is mainly concentrated in the field of administrative law.As a research topic with both theoretical frontier and significant reality,the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions in the new era has increasingly gone beyond the instrumental theory of institutional reform,and its management function and governance role in contemporary Chinese political practice have been strengthened.However,theoretical research in academia lags far behind its practical development,especially the absence of political science perspectives.Party and government institutions are the organizational backbone of the Party and government system with Chinese characteristics,and the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions with similar functions is not only a “physical change”between institutions,but also a “chemical reaction” involving a deeper relationship in contemporary Chinese politics,which should become an important topic for the study of Chinese political science.In the context of the new era,the contrast between the importance of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions and the lack of specialized and systematic research highlights the great academic value and practical significance of conducting systematic and in-depth research on the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions,and relevant propositions need to be responded to urgently.Based on the reform practice of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions in the new era,this paper takes the party political theory and holistic governance theory as the theoretical basis,and focuses on the proposition of “study on the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions with Chinese characteristics under the vision of upholding the Party’s leadership”,and examines the“history and current situation” “practical value” “operating mechanism” “practical problems” and “optimization path” of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions,and responds to the major theoretical and practical issues such as the necessity,legitimacy and importance of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions in the overlapping fields of the functions of the Party and government institutions in the new era.The co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions is a kind of organization form and operation system of Party and government organs with Chinese characteristics gradually explored by the CPC from the contemporary Chinese political practice.The historical origin of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions can be traced back to the period of the new Democratic Revolution,especially the active exploration in the practice of government construction under the leadership of the CPC in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region.Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the development process of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions with Chinese characteristics can be divided into preliminary exploration stage,recovery and adjustment stage,rapid development stage and comprehensive deepening stage.Since the new era,the institutional mechanism design of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions has become more mature and established.On the basis of inheriting the experience of previous institutional reforms,a variety of specific types of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions have developed in the new era,but it should be clear that the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions is not applicable to all areas,and its main application is in areas where the functions of Party and government institutions overlap,such as the area of supervision work area,organization work area,publicity(education)work area,united front work area,petition work area,etc.In contemporary Chinese political practice,the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions is an objective political phenomenon,especially in the new era,the Party Central Committee has made comprehensive arrangements for the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions from the height of top-level design,and its existence and development has significant practical value.In the context of adhering to and strengthening the overall leadership of the Party,systematically explaining the practical value of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions not only helps us understand this political phenomenon with Chinese characteristics more deeply,but also helps reveal the localized Chinese theory embedded in the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions.In terms of Party leadership,the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions is an inevitable requirement to adhere to and improve the overall leadership of the party.The co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions not only helps the Party’s leadership in cross-functional areas to fully cover,but also is an effective way to improve the Party’s leadership of cross-functional areas.In terms of Party-government relations,the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions is an important organizational guarantee for rationalizing Party-government relations with Chinese characteristics.For areas where the functions of Party and government agencies overlap,the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions can effectively integrate Party and government agencies,break the so-called Party-government boundaries,and help bring the advantages of a strong Party-government system into play.In terms of institutional functions,the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions inherently requires the organic integration of institutional functions,which is an effective way to optimize the functional system of the Party and the state institutions.In terms of governance,the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions has adapted to the practical need for the CPC and state institutions to jointly participate in governance practices in the form of organizational integration in the new era,presenting unique governance advantages and playing an important role in bringing into play the advantages of Party-led national governance.To explain the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions from the perspective of institutional operation is an important reflection to go beyond the tool theory of institutional reform and an important breakthrough to enrich and expand the theoretical research on the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions.This paper analyzes the operation mechanism of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions from the aspect of “structure-behavior-policy”,in order to explain the operation practice of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions in the new era.In terms of structural features,the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions mainly include the organization and the actor.These elements are in the “composite structure of the Party and the government”.Both the organization and the actor have the distinctive characteristics of the composite attribute of the Party and the government.In terms of decision-making behavior,the principle of democratic centralism is the basic principle of decision-making of the Party and government institutions.The “collective leadership and individual division of responsibility system”,“request report system” and other specific systems refine the principle of democratic centralism in the decision-making process of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions.In terms of execution behavior,the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions has changed the original cross-functional and overlapping Party and government institutions from external connection relationship to internal coordination relationship,and the execution mechanism of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions has been optimized.“Policies and tactics are the life of the Party”.In terms of the choice of policy tools,the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions has formed a mechanism for the coexistence of individual publication and joint publication,which facilitates the independent and joint external behavior of the co-location and co-establishment of institutions.Since the 18 th National Congress of the CPC,while the reform of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions makes great achievements,it has touched on more complex interest relations and some deeper contradictions and problems.The co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions in many places is still in the stage of “physical change”,and relevant practical experience needs to be explored and accumulated over a long period of time.Combined with the practical cases,relevant statistical data and other empirical materials and theoretical research of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions in local areas,it is urgent to solve the problems in the new era,such as the effect of independent exploration in some localities is limited,the normative basis for reform is relatively insufficient,the working mechanism needs to be improved,the adaptability of some staff needs to be strengthened and the supervision effectiveness is not strong.At present,the reform of Party and state institutions has entered the “deep water zone”.In the future,we should strengthen the Central Committee’s centralized and unified leadership over the reform of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions,adhere to the rule of law track to promote the reform of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions,build a standard and efficient working mechanism,improve the personnel training and personnel management mechanism of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions,and improve the supervision system and mechanism of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions,so as to optimize the system and mechanism for the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions in the new era,and give full play to the unique role of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions in the Chinese path to modernization road.Although the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions is a long and complicated reform process,and even requires repeated practice to achieve ideal results,as an objective fact of contemporary Chinese political practice,we have reason to believe that the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions will continue to play an active role in the CPC’s governance practice.In the new era of adhering to the rule of law,ruling the Party by the system and ruling the Party by rules and regulations in an integrated manner and building as one,the level of institutionalization,standardization and procedure will be further improved,which avoiding the arbitrariness and blindness of the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions,and promoting the co-location and co-establishment of Party and government institutions to a new stage of development.