Research On The System Of Urban People’s Commune

In the late 1950 s,the urban people’s commune system created under the background of the "great leap forward" movement,like the rural people’s system,was the first attempt made by the Party Central Committee and its main leaders to explore the road of socialist construction.Although it does not last long,and the impact is not as extensive as the rural people’s communes,but it dominated the development and change of the urban grassroots society at that time.It also has a great impact on the production and life of urban residents.Although it is not a success,the experience and lessons left behind are precious spiritual wealth of our party.Specifically,the correct exploration provides a practical basis for the emergence of the theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics.The wrong or unsuccessful exploration provides experience for the emergence of the theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Therefore,it is of great significance to strengthen the research on the urban people’s commune system and related issues.This paper is guided by the basic principles of Marxism and based on the party’s historical documents,adhere to the unity of history and logic,theory and practice.This paper makes a comprehensive and systematic study on the urban people’s commune system by using the methods of literature review,multi-disciplinary path analysis and comparative study.In addition to the introduction and conclusion,the text mainly includes seven parts.The first part investigates the history of commune system.The second part analyzes the historical background of the establishment of urban people’s commune system.The third,fourth,fifth and sixth parts respectively discuss the construction of the political,economic,cultural and social management system of the urban people’s commune.The seventh part analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of urban people’s commune system and its disintegration.The eighth part expounds the Contemporary Enlightenment of the disintegration of urban people’s commune system.This paper mainly expounds the following basic points:Firstly,a historical review of the commune system.This paper makes a systematic study of commune system from the origin and meaning of commune,the existing forms and characteristics of ancient rural communes all over the world,and the commune theory and practice of modern Utopian socialists.Tracing back to the historical and ideological sources of the establishment of urban people’s commune system.Secondly,the historical background of the establishment of urban people’s commune system.Marx and Engels’ theoretical exploration of Communist commune and Mao Zedong’s conception of people’s commune provide an important theoretical basis for the establishment of urban people’s commune system.With the completion of the socialist transformation in1956,the ruling conditions of the Communist Party of China have undergone fundamental changes.That is to say,the political system of consolidating the leading position of the party,the change of the main contradictions in Chinese society,as well as the proposition of “the second” combination and the good beginning of exploring the road of socialist construction have become the indispensable political premise for the establishment of the urban people’s commune system.China’s socialist economic system has been basically established,that is to say,it has formed a single public ownership economic structure mainly composed of ownership by the whole people and collective ownership.And a highly centralized planned economic management system has been established.The establishment of the distribution system with distribution according to work as the main body provides important theoretical and practical conditions for the construction of urban people’s commune economic system.The socialist cultural system has been basically established,that is to say,it has established the guiding position of Marxism in the field of ideology and formed a warm atmosphere for socialist construction throughout the country.The Mass movement has become the basic way of cultural education,which provides important ideological and cultural conditions for the establishment of the urban people’s commune system.The formation of the "unit system" management system in urban grassroots and the demonstration of the first rural people’s commune provide important social management conditions for the establishment of the urban people’s commune system.Thirdly,the political,economic,cultural and “unit system” management system of urban people’s communes.The political system is mainly composed of the party’s “unified”leading position and the grass-roots political power organization form of “the unity of government and society”.These two levels reflect the centralized system of the commune from different angles.The economic system is mainly composed of the ownership structure in which public ownership occupies an absolute dominant position,the mode of resource allocation under the planned economy,and the distribution system with distribution according to work as the main body.These three levels reflect the highly centralized economic system of the commune from different angles.The cultural system mainly includes the guiding ideology and basic principles of the cultural system,the establishment and function of the cultural management organization,the vigorous development of the cultural education and so on.The cultural system of urban people’s commune not only has the general characteristics of serving the politics of the ruling class of the country,but also has the specific characteristics of the times.The “unit system” management system is mainly discussed from three aspects: the historical context of its formation and establishment,management functions and management methods.Through the above discussion,we can find that the “unit system” management system of urban people’s commune,like the political,economic and cultural systems,is an important feature of the urban people’s commune system.This paper discusses the “unit system” management system of urban people’s commune,mainly from the historical context of its establishment,the functions of the system,and its management methods.The purpose is to clarify the changes of urban grassroots social management system after communication,that is,the change from “street dwelling system” to “unit system”,and the impact of commune unit system on urban grassroots society at that time.Fourthly,the advantages and disadvantages of urban people’s commune system and its disintegration.The urban people’s commune system has fewer advantages and more disadvantages.This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of urban people’s commune system from four aspects: include the realization of the party’s overall leadership over the grass-roots society has resulted in the party’s taking over all responsibilities;to a certain extent,it has contributed to the concentration of resources to do great things,but also resulted in the death of economic unification;to a certain extent,it improves the ideological and cultural level of urban residents,and makes the cultural and educational undertakings unsustainable;it has maintained social order,but also led to the lack of vitality of society.The system of urban people’s commune is going to disintegrate.It is characterized by the recovery of sub district offices,the simultaneous closure of community run industries,the unified planning and adjustment of various schools at all levels organized by communes,and the successive closure of collective welfare undertakings.The reasons for the disintegration of urban people’s commune system are: from the perspective of production conditions,the development level of social productive forces at that time did not have the conditions for the emergence of commune system;from the perspective of internal problems,the system malpractice is hard to return;from the perspective of external policy,with the adjustment of national economy,the commune system has been exhausted and disappeared.Fifthly,contemporary enlightenment.In depth summary and reflection on the disintegration of urban people’s commune system.Learning from its experience and lessons will be of great benefit to us today in upholding and improving the socialist system with Chinese characteristics,and in promoting the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity.First,improve the party’s leadership system and the system of the people being the masters of the country.Second,we should establish a socialist economic system in line with the development level of productive forces.Third,the formation of a culture and education system conducive to the all-round development of people and economic development.Fourth,build a new social governance system of co-construction,co-governance and sharing.