Research On Russian-American Relations Since Russia Independence

Russia-US relations after the Cold War are the inheritance and development of SovietUS relations.Soon after the establishment of diplomatic relations between the Soviet Union and the United States in 1933,the entire world faced the threat of fascist aggression and expansion.In the face of a common enemy,the Soviet Union and the United States temporarily abandoned ideological differences and institutional differences in World War Ⅱ,confronted the enemy together,and finally won a great victory in the anti-fascist war.However,with the end of World War Ⅱ,the Soviet Union and the United States began to seek hegemony over the entire world by virtue of their growing national power in the war.The Soviet Union and the United States first divided their spheres of influence in the world,and then engaged in a long arms race,seeking an overwhelming military advantage over each other.As a result,human history has entered the "Cold War" that lasted for half a century.During the Cold War,the confrontation between the Soviet Union and the United States was all-round and global.Due to the formation and confrontation of the two big camps of the East and the West,the "sphere of influence" controlled by the Soviet Union and the United States is unprecedentedly large,far beyond the scope of their own territories.During the Cold War,there were moments of tension between the Soviet Union and the United States,and there were several relaxations.In December 1991,the Soviet Union disintegrated and the Cold War ended.Russia became the successor state of the Soviet Union and at the same time inherited Soviet-American relations,which evolved into Russian-American relations.After the end of the Cold War,Russia lost its superpower status.On the one hand,the strategic space was greatly reduced and the geopolitical environment deteriorated;on the other hand,various social and economic problems also appeared in Russia.Even so,Russia can still rank among the world’s major powers by virtue of its size and development potential.The United States has become the only superpower on the world stage,relying on its powerful economic and military strength,pursuing a "peace under American rule" and doing its utmost to maintain global hegemony.After the disintegration of the Soviet Union,Russia regarded the post-Soviet space as a "special interest area" and maintained close ties with post-Soviet space countries through multilateral economic and security cooperation methods such as the Commonwealth of Independent States,the Collective Security Organization,and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.In order to prevent Russia’s "resurrection" and maintain global hegemony and dominance in Eurasia,the United States has been actively promoting NATO’s eastward expansion,deployment of anti-missile systems,and "color revolution" policies to contain Russia.Due to the fact that the United States is strong and Russia is weak,Russia has to adopt a strategic defensive strategy and is in a relatively passive situation.The cooperation between Russia and the United States after the Cold War was temporary and limited.Although Russia is far less powerful than the United States in economic,military,technological and other fields,there is no doubt that Russia is an important party on the international stage and an important "pole" in a multi-polar world.As a permanent member of the UN Security Council and the two largest nuclear power states in the world,Russia and the United States have room for cooperation and cooperation on issues related to global strategic stability and regional security,such as arms control negotiations,nuclear non-proliferation,international counter-terrorism,and response to the new crown epidemic.necessity.For Russia to move toward rejuvenation,it needs to cooperate with the United States instead of confrontation,and the United States cannot ignore Russia’s international influence.However,in the context of continued decline in Russia-US relations in the past 10 years,cooperation issues,willingness to cooperate,and opportunities for cooperation between Russia and the United States are gradually decreasing.The differences between Russia and the United States after the Cold War were multifaceted and all-round.After the Cold War,Russia and the United States engaged in complex games in the geopolitical space of the Eurasian continent on the eastward expansion of NATO,the North Korean nuclear issue,the Iranian nuclear issue,the Ukrainian issue,the Syrian issue,and the development of the Arctic.These issues seem to be complicated,but they actually boil down to one point,which is the divergence and opposition between the strategic goals of Russia and the United States.The goal of the United States is to turn the post-Cold War unipolar moment into a unipolar era,and to maintain its world hegemony for as long as possible.For this reason,an important goal of the US diplomatic strategy is to prevent any major power in Eurasia from establishing hegemony in Eurasia.Although Russia once chose to fall to the West after the Cold War,it has never given up its ambitions as a great power.On issues involving Russia’s core interests,Russia has never given up,but has taken a variety of measures to actively counteract it.Therefore,under the influence of various factors such as strategic structural contradictions,continuation of Cold War mentality,differences in values,and lagging economic and trade relations,the scope of conflicts,willingness to conflict,and conflict risks between Russia and the United States are gradually increasing.The Ukrainian crisis in 2014 completely overturned the European security framework,and Russia-US relations fell to the bottom,and they went further and further on the road of deteriorating.After the Ukraine crisis,Russia and the United States have engaged in many confrontations in economic sanctions and counter-sanctions,mutual expulsion of diplomats,the Syrian issue,the "gateway to Russia" and interference in the US election.In the context of the repeated deterioration of relations between the two countries and the freezing point,the United States has become more determined to be hostile to Russia,and it has been openly expressed through government strategic documents.In the face of extreme pressure from the United States and the West,the Putin administration realized that there was no room for compromise and retreat,and instead adopted a tough counterattack strategy.Although the new political cycle opened after the US presidential election will cause people to have more expectations for the relations between Russia and the United States,under the current circumstances,it is unlikely that the relations between the two countries will be significantly improved after Biden takes office and will basically continue.Hovering at low levels.Since the end of the Cold War,Russia-US relations have been in the worst state,and the negative situation continues to exist,and there is a risk of further escalation.