| The Party Central Committee and the State Council have all along attached great importance to the issue of equalization of basic public services,and have also issued a series of policies and guidelines to ensure the equalization of basic public services.The realization of equalization of basic public services has obviously become an important strategic goal for China’s long-term development and a livelihood project for continuous practice.In particular,at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2017,the Party Central Committee pointedly pointed out the crux of the current problems:"Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era,and the main contradictions in our society have been transformed into the people’s growing needs for life and imbalances.The contradiction between full development ",President Xi Jinping explicitly stated in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,New progress has been made in living and supporting the weak,"said Chairman Xi,all of which are in the category of basic public services.In other words,President Xi pointed out a way to resolve the main contradictions in our society in the new era by equalizing basic public services,and provided the key to unlock the locks on the basic contradictions in society.Under this urgent social reality demand and scientific top-level design,a problem needs urgent research and solution:since equalization of basic public services is the cornerstone of building a harmonious society and the key to unlocking the basic contradictions of the new era society.So what is the current status of equalization of basic public services in China?That is,how effective is the current implementation of equalization of basic public services in China?To solve this problem,it is necessary to grasp the status quo through an empirical evaluation of the equalization of basic public services in China,and at the same time find out the influencing factors through empirical tests in order to make targeted improvements.This research is also based on the abovementioned needs,through the evaluation of the effectiveness and degree of realization of the equalization of basic public services in China,in order to achieve the goal of equalization of basic public services in China as soon as possible.First of all,based on the regular practices provided by the current research status at home and abroad,classic Marxist writers,the rational core of Western science,traditional Chinese culture,and the generalization of current domestic policy ideas and theories,this article constructs an assessment objective and assessment factors.The first round of the evaluation system for the evaluation of the effectiveness and degree of implementation of the equalization of basic public services in China,which is composed of index categories and specific assessment indicators,is also called the index pool X1.It consists of a total of 187 indicators(A)(input indicator-output indicator)and B(validation indicator).(See Annex 6).Then,following the basic laws of evaluation and psychology,the empirical operation process of empirical multi-screening and empirical multi-testing of the index system X1 is effectively eliminated to effectively reduce subjective disadvantages in index selection.In terms of the basic requirements for index screening in evaluation and management,the screening process should cover a series of survey expert selection,determination of expert thresholds,discriminant analysis,membership analysis,correlation analysis,and reliability and validity tests.Empirical operation process of index screening.Therefore,this paper first uses the method of single round Delphi method and expert survey to analyze the validity and degree of realization of the basic public service equalization initially constructed by the membership analysis through empirical analysis.The system correlation analysis,indicator discriminant analysis,and reliability and validity verification process of the indicator system realize the feasibility analysis of the indicator system,and then combine the entropy method and DS evidence theory weighting method to determine the weight of each basic public service indicator,and Using mathematical statistical indicators such as coefficient of variation and coefficient of efficacy to measure and evaluate the different regional gaps and their historical evolution in China’s basic public service sector.Finally,a set of 85 three-level indicators was used to form an index system for evaluating the effectiveness and degree of equalization of basic public services in China.Among them,the degree of achievement index system A contains 45 evaluation indicators and the degree of effectiveness index system B includes 40 evaluation indicators,which are effective tools and important"hands" for conducting empirical evaluation in this study.Secondly,based on the completion of the construction of the evaluation index system for the effectiveness and degree of basic public service equalization,this article randomly selects 42 different levels of government in the eastern,central,and western regions of China at a ratio of 1:2:4(6 Provincial,12 municipal and 24 county levels)conducted a comprehensive evaluation study on the effectiveness and degree of implementation of the equalization of basic public services for the assessment objects.The data acquisition of the effectiveness indicators for the equalization of basic public services is based on the relevant statistical yearbook index data of 2013-2018,and the questionnaires and the random selection of index samples are used for the acquisition of the indicator data of the effectiveness of basic public service equalization As the basis,this paper uses statistics and survey data as the empirical basis to conduct an empirical evaluation of the effectiveness and degree of equalization of the basic public services of the government in different regions and at different levels in China,using a combination of overall analysis and comparative analysis.The research method judges and compares the current status of the effectiveness and degree of equalization of basic public services in China.Through empirical evaluation and analysis,it is found that the degree of equalization of basic public services in China as a whole shows a gradient status quo,which is specifically manifested in the degree of equalization of basic public services in the east,which is higher than that in the middle,and slightly higher than in the west.That is to say,the gap between the equalization of the east and the middle is higher than that of the middle and the west,and the gap between the equalization of the middle and the west is gradually decreasing.In terms of the effectiveness of the equalization of basic public services,there is a reversible regional pattern in which the western part is slightly higher than the central part and the eastern part is higher than the central part.Furthermore,through overall analysis and comparative analysis,it is found that the relationship between the degree of realization of basic public service equalization and the effectiveness of realization is not the relationship between our ideal rise and prosperity,and the prosperity with prosperity,but it shows a high degree of realization of equalization and It is not necessarily a high degree of equalization to achieve validity,and the relationship between the two is not completely equal.The study also found that the effectiveness and degree of equalization of basic public services are also different at different levels of government,which is generally higher than that of provincial governments.In the municipal government,the municipal government is higher than the county government,and in some areas of basic public services,such as in the fields of public culture and sports,social housing security,the city government has shown superior results.At the same time,the research results show that the gap in the equalization of basic public services between different municipal and county levels in the same province is also widening,and the imbalance in the same region is more obvious.Thirdly,according to the above empirical findings,the article uses HLM model to detect the influencing factors,and based on relevant theories and empirical tests,it uses the regional economy,fiscal system,hierarchical government,and demographic characteristics as its dependent variables.The research findings The level of economic development determines to a certain extent the level of equalization of basic public services in different regions and regions,and is an important factor in determining the level of basic public services in various regions.The proportion of fiscal transfer payments is to ease the fiscal affair between governments at different levels.The strength gap and the level of guaranteeing the realization of basic public services have a certain degree of effect,but this is still far from improving the effectiveness and degree of equalization of basic public services;the academic qualifications and household registration of investigators also affect basic public services The level of realization of service equalization.Finally,according to the theoretical summary and empirical evaluation results analysis,combined with the screening of the statistical test results of the influencing factors,the focus is on how to make up for the weak links in the effectiveness and degree of equalization of basic public services in China,and further analysis from the perspective of the realization path And research,put forward that in the future China needs to deconstruct the performance evaluation of basic public service equalization from the people-centered,"total-point-total" type,clarify the basic public service equalization responsibilities of different levels of government,promote fiscal reform,and rationally allocate government The intermediary powers,the optimization of public expenditure structure,and the improvement of the fiscal transfer payment system have begun to solve the theoretical research and policy practice issues of equalization of basic public services in China.This is in line with the actual development of the equalization of basic public services,and corresponds is consistent with the current theoretical development trend.On the principle of fairness and impartiality,it achieves a whole of "objective reality,theoretical dynamics,and optimization recommendations"Closed loop also reflects the organic unification of research policy and social development. |
