Research On The Evolution And Localization Strategy Of Hu Shih’s Enlightenment

"Enlightenment",as a "keyword" of the "May Fourth" literary revolution,provides us with the possibility of in-depth understanding of the ideological and cultural transformation of modern Chinese society.As the proposer and practitioner of the May Fourth Literary Revolution,Hu Shih is a typical example of theoretical understanding and practical operation of the Enlightenment,and his choice can also reflect the general mentality of intellectuals in a specific historical context.The research will focus on three directions: the first is the content,which mainly involves the input and output of Hu Shih’s enlightenment thought,and depicts the process of Hu Shih’s "localization" of enlightenment thought resources through reading research and text comparison;The second is time,which mainly involves the important time nodes of the generation and transformation of Hu Shih’s enlightenment thought,analyzes the personal and epochal reasons,and answers the questions of his "selection","transformation" and even "appropriation" of Chinese and Western enlightenment resources;As an external factor,the differences in newspaper style,publishing institutions,and author groups will objectively have an impact on the writer’s expression scale and expression.Hu Shih’s initial literary creation and media practice was the beginning of his enlightenment thinking when he was studying in Shanghai.At this time,there was an obvious correlation between his reading and creation,and the overlap of his identities as a writer and editor provided convenience for him to use newspapers and periodicals for literary enlightenment.Second,"Jingyexunbao" participated in the formation process of the "enlightener" Hu Shih with its own editorial style.In contrast,in the process of editing and writing,Hu Shih’s creative needs prompted him to frequently internalize and export knowledge,precipitating his understanding of literary enlightenment,cultivating smoother vernacular writing and expression,and laying the foundation for his enlightenment operation method of using Chinese and Western ideological resources in "creative transformation".Hu Shih’s "clear" literary concepts and theories of stylistic change were formed during he was study in the United States,which can be regarded as the "preparatory period" of Hu Shih’s enlightenment theory.His vernacular literary theory was gradually improved,and the language form became standardization and logical.The standardization of sentence break punctuation strengthens the scientific and rational nature of vernacular writing.Hu Shih sought a model from within traditional poetry,absorbed the experience of the spirit and form of foreign poetry,and used the strategy of "circuitous" to construct the theory of stylistic change.The attempt to reform the style is not only manifested in literature,it also a challenge of the "right to use" language at the level of traditional thinking.With the outbreak of the May Fourth Literary Revolution,Hu Shih put his understanding of enlightenment into practice,and at this time,he mainly participated in the interpretation and selection of Western ideas and literary resources through cross-cultural means such as translation and introduction,so as to meet the needs of the local context of modern Chinese society and enhance the practical impact of the literary revolution.This part mainly involves three cases,firstly,through the close reading and comparison of the iconic text of "Ibsenism",Hu Shih’s misreading and intention of Ibsen’s play,and from the perspective of Nora’s practical influence,the reception of literary texts in specific contexts is analyzed.Secondly,Hu Shih advocated the "short story" of the genre "economy" during the literary revolution,and appropriated the "theory of evolution" to provide rational support for it.The last case involves Hu Shih’s and Dewey’s misunderstanding of "individualism",from this specific question,it can be found that Hu Shih’s emphasis on "sound individualism" has personal style and practical purpose.In the later stage of the Literary Revolution and the New Culture Movement,the ideological and literary circles were faced a realistic transition from "destruction" to "establishment",and the discussion of "problems and isms" shows that Hu Shih’s localization enlightenment strategy has "turned" compared with the climax of the "May Fourth" New Culture Movement.Hu Shih tried to re-evaluate traditional culture and scholarship by "sorting out the national history".On the one hand,Hu Shih emphasized the necessity and importance of ideological and literary enlightenment,but on the other hand,he inevitably moved towards the "wrong path" of political enlightenment.During this period,Hu Shih began to deliberately advocate "biographical literature",which was his "second attempt" to open up a new path of literary development after the literary revolution,but the "creative coldness" he encountered also reflected the changes in the context of the times and the shift in the direction of literature.In order to maintain the enlightenment achievements of the literary revolution and the New Culture Movement,Hu Shih used his status as an "advocate" and "witness",and at the same time took advantage of the communication efficiency and practical influence of authoritative media,and began to integrate and speak about the history of Chinese social thought and literary reform.It including the writing of the new literary history,participating in the compilation of the "New Literature Collection",and constructing the key concept of "Chinese Renaissance".This series of attempts to writing history not only reveals Hu Shih’s change of mood,but also reminds us of the problem of "power" behind enlightenment.According to the chronological order of the evolution of Hu Shih’s localized enlightenment path,it can be seen that Hu Shih’s enlightenment strategy and the "May Fourth" literary enlightenment trend are holistic relevance.This study takes a Great literature view of the relationship between modern media and literary enlightenment,considering not only the symbiosis between the media itself and modern literature,but also the influence of a series of "external environments" related to media on writers’ creations.The typicality and complexity of Hu Shih’s identity are once again reflected in it,Enlightener taking advantage of the many characteristics of modern media while also being constrained by this,Hu Shih constantly sought a balance between the various elements of media and enlightenment in practice,which also revealed the orientation of intellectuals in the process of ideological enlightenment in modern society.These analyses lead the question to a deeper level,that is,to look at the overall process of the May Fourth Enlightenment process from the individual analysis of Hu Shih’s enlightenment thought.