| Since the late Qing Dynasty,the speech activities that have been widely seen in society have influenced the ideological and cultural changes in Chinese society.In the field of literature,speeches are not only a kind of cultural activity that many writers are passionate about,but also one of the main ways to express their views.They have a close relationship with modern Chinese literature and have influenced many aspects of modern literature.Previous research has focused on case studies of classic writers such as Hu Shi and Lu Xun,with particular emphasis on the excavation and verification of lost speeches and the reflection of ideological conditions in speech activities.This thesis goes beyond this research approach,comprehensively investigating the relationship between speeches and modern Chinese literature,studying how speeches and modern Chinese literature blend and construct,and then exploring how they have influenced important literary concepts,the identity of writers,the image of writers,and related meanings.Speeches mainly use sound as a medium to express views,while literature mainly uses words as a carrier to create an imaginary world.Sound and text,reasoning and imagination,these two completely different modes often blend together in Chinese modern literature.Based on a detailed analysis of this phenomenon,this article focuses on the analysis of speeches,comprehensively examining various factors closely related to speech activities,such as audience psychology,on-site atmosphere,mass media,and public opinion.It discusses the growth of speeches and new writers,how speeches infiltrate literary creation,the construction of speech activities and literary concepts,and the shaping of the image of Chinese modern literary masters through speeches.This thesis is the first doctoral dissertation focused on the topic of "The Relationship between Speech and Modern Chinese Literature",whose research significance lies in the following two points.Firstly,this thesis attempts to summarize the inherent laws of Chinese literature in this stage of development by studying the relationship between speeches and Chinese modern literature.In previous studies,speeches were regarded as expressions of ideological changes in literary figures during a specific period,but in reality,their significance goes far beyond that.As a kind of social activity,speeches are closely linked to historical context,media,and important events.As a form of expression,they are closely related to people’s thoughts,emotions,and spiritual temperament.By examining speeches from this specific perspective,we can explore the occurrence and development of modern Chinese literature in a broader social and cultural context,and reveal how literature evolves under the influence of other factors.Furthermore,speeches are a personalized form of expression,and writers,with their unique artistic cultivation and language abilities,add literary charm to speeches.At the same time,they provide further possibilities for rational thinking in speeches through their imaginative artistic world.Examining modern Chinese literature from the perspective of speeches not only reflects the diverse landscape of literature,but also showcases the style of writers,helping to provide a comprehensive understanding of modern literature and deepen our understanding of literary history.The entire thesis is divided into four chapters.Chapter Ⅰ focuses on the study of speeches and the growth of new literary figures.In previous studies,scholars mainly focused on case studies and examined the speech activities of literary figures after they became social celebrities.However,this chapter goes beyond that and starts from the early stage of many literary figures’ debut on the stage,focusing on their accumulation of speech experience and discussing how they formed their unique speech personalities.Furthermore,this study explores a concept developed by some new literary figures,which is that speech is a way of writing.This concept endows speeches with a strong literary quality,strengthening the connection between literature and social life beyond artistic or textual forms,and expanding the boundaries of ’literature’.Based on this concept,these new literary figures often transform their spoken content into written form,turning speeches into articles.The transformation from one form to another often faces challenges in expression,as the narrative strategies of speeches may not be applicable to written works.This is particularly evident in speeches about the development history of new literature.Based on this concept,these new literary figures often transform their spoken content into written form,turning speeches into articles.The transformation from one form to another often faces challenges in expression,as the narrative strategies of speeches may not be applicable to written works.This is particularly evident in speeches about the development history of new literature.Chapter Ⅱ explores how research speeches can infiltrate literary creation.The influence of speeches on literary creation is not only reflected in changes in writing style,but also in various aspects from content to form,from plot to theme,with novels being a typical example.The rhetorical nature of speeches itself is closely related to literature,laying the foundation for their combination.At the same time,the persuasive nature of speeches aligns with the pursuit of novel creation in the modern era of ’enlightening the people’s minds’.Therefore,since the late Qing Dynasty,novel creation has absorbed elements of speeches.After the birth of modern novels,there have been further innovations in the narrative function of speech plots,the emergence of new forms of ’speech-like novels,’ the continuation and development of rational thinking in fiction,and the resonance between novel themes and speech viewpoints.This chapter provides a new interpretation of specific works by authors from a new perspective,going beyond the limitations of separate interpretations of artistic and ideological aspects,fully exploring the phenomenon of the interpenetration of rationality and fiction,and observing the development and evolution of the novel genre in the history of modern Chinese literature.It analyzes how non-literary factors have endowed novels with new qualities from the inside out.Chapter Ⅲ takes the context of revolutionary wars as an example to study the construction of literary concepts through speech activities.Previous research on this topic has generally laid emphasis on the ideological expression of writers as speakers,taking the content of speeches as the focus and combining with the life experiences and feelings of specific time periods.This chapter changes this approach and fully focuses on the live interaction between the speaker and the audience,analyzing the characteristics of information transmission and reception in speech activities,and revealing the differences in mentality and understanding between the two parties,thus demonstrating the construction of literary concepts such as the writer’s identity cognition,literary group organization concept,and basic values in the literary field.In this process,the rich information contained in historical details is excavated,presenting the live context of speeches and the social context,reflecting the development trend of the Chinese modern revolutionary literary thought from specific events.Chapter Ⅳ studies the shaping of the image of Chinese modern literary masters through speeches,as well as the construction of related meanings.It not only focuses on how their charisma as speakers on the podium was recorded and remembered,but also on how they,as the objects of speech activities,were interpreted and disseminated.This chapter focuses on specific speech events,not limited to how speeches shape literary figures as embodiments of certain spiritual qualities,but also examines how speeches,in conjunction with various media,public opinion,literary trends,and other related factors,create a public opinion atmosphere and strive for public opinion space for the wide dissemination of this meaning in specific historical contexts.This chapter mainly focuses on the important role played by memorial speeches and birthday banquet speeches in shaping the images of literary figures such as Lu Xun,Guo Moruo,Mao Dun,Lao She,and Hong Shen,and further constructing the related significance.It also takes notice of the speech photos as an image medium,revealing how seemingly objective historical materials give rise to subjective interpretation space. |
