| Exploring the origin is an important sign that human beings have a sense of historical time.Driven by the historical time awareness of “tracing back to the source”,we are full of curiosity and persistently explore the origin or source of all things in the world.When did the universe begin? When did all things begin? How did humans originate? How did society come into being? How was culture created? All these questions asked above need to be asked and answered by our “tracing back to the source”.It is in the process of constantly inquiring into the origin of all things in the world that human beings began to inquire about the secrets of the origin of art.When did art originate? Where did art take place? Where is the origin of art? What does primitive art mean to our understanding of art? All these genetic reflections on the origin of art,just like beauty and art itself,perpetually exude a fascinating and mysterious charm,amount to the “mystery within the mystery” in terms of the mystery of art,and a crucial issue of great concern to the philosophy of art.This dissertation takes the genetics of art as the basic method and field of vision,and takes the primitive culture theory in cultural anthropology as the ideological and theoretical resources.Through combing and explaining the theoretical viewpoints and theories of early primitive culture,closely centering on the internal organic relationship between primitive culture and primitive art,the dissertation explores the interactive infiltration relationship between the origin of primitive culture and the origin of primitive art,and between the primitive thinking mode and the artistic thinking mode,and presents the unique style of primitive thinking in different art categories.It focuses on the close relationship between primitive culture and art as well as modern thought of art,and regards “primitive culture theory” and “primitivism in art” as a positive attempt to overcome the “disenchantment” tendency of extreme modernity’s instrumental rationality.The dissertation tries to explore a way out of the extreme or single modern dilemma in the process of “enchanting” or “re-enchanting” contemporary culture and art.With the rise and development of cultural anthropology,the research on primitive culture and primitive art has become a hot topic in the cultural and ideological circles of the 20 th century,having a profound and significant impact on contemporary art creation and art theory.In terms of artistic creation,artists have turned their attention to primitive culture and ancient mythology,and are amazed at primitive art.They have drawn creative inspiration,modeling style and driving force from it for changes and the artistic creation tendency of “preferring originality” has emerged,“artistic primitivism”.As a result,it has become a style that runs through various modern art such as Fauvism,Cubism,Expressionism,Abstractionism and Surrealism.In terms of art theory,there has been an upsurge in the study of art anthropology based on cultural anthropology.Art anthropology believes that the secrets of literature and art are rooted in ancient religious rituals,myths and folklore.All literature and art images hide ancient archetypal images,and true art should express mysterious primitive experience.The tendency of artistic primitivism is to "trace to the origin",trying to return to the originality of art while saying goodbye to the realistic tradition of objective representation,and to restore the mysterious association between art and primitive cultures by means of mystification,symbolization,imagery,abstraction,symbolization,etc.Since the middle and late 19 th century,the rise of cultural anthropology and primitive culture research has produced many influential works in the fields of philosophy,sociology,anthropology,ethnology and other disciplines,such as Edward Taylor’s Primitive culture: Researches into the development of mythology,philosophy,religion,language,art,and custom,Fraser’s The Golden Bough,Lévi-Briul’s Primitive Mentality,Malinowski’s Magic,Science and Religion and Other Essays,Claude Lévi-Strauss’ s The Savage Mind,etc.On the basis of mastering a large number of ethnographic materials,these scholars conducted in-depth research and analysis on the primitive thinking displayed in the process of creation of primitive culture and primitive art,and proposed animism,witchcraft,mutual Infiltration theory,structure-functional theory and other theoretical viewpoints.Their research not only amounts to the main theoretical source for us to understand and grasp the origin and development of primitive art,but also has profound enlightening significance.This dissertation focuses on the relationship between primitive culture and primitive art in the attempt to understand and master their main characteristics.By doing so,it is not just to do sociology,archaeology,and anthropology research,but to take aesthetics as the basis and combine the materials and theories provided by the above disciplines,to discuss the enlightening effect they have on the study of literary and art theory.In fact,some of the issues we want to study such as the production of art,the method of art creation,and the social function of art can all find the starting point or a mysterious origin of a way of thinking in primitive art.This dissertation mainly borrows the theoretical viewpoints and related materials of anthropology to study issues related to primitive art,thus entering the research field of art anthropology.The way of thinking that primitive humans played in the creation of primitive art makes us feel more mysterious,which makes people believe that they are in some kind of object of experience.Primitive thinking has a powerful inclusive function,and it is enough to accommodate all consciousness and thoughts formed around transcendental spiritual existence.Having studied the works of modern and contemporary cultural anthropologists,the author of this dissertation draws on some of their viewpoints,and summarizes the characteristics of primitive thinking: the fusion of aesthetic creation,the mystery of rituals,the sympathy of wishes,and the expression of emotions the imagination and the pictographic nature of information transmission.On this basis,it is found that primitive human beings adopted an irrational cognitive attitude when facing the infinite nature.A sharp contrast is obvious: modern people judge objective things through rational thinking,while primitive people mainly grasped objective things through irrational thinking.With the rapid development of scientific and technological means,things and phenomena that cannot be explained in primitive society have lost their mysterious veil,resulting in the loss of human beings’ worship of mystery and awe.The development history of culture is a continuum.Although it seems that cultural ruptures and variations have occurred on the surface,as a long cultural historical stage,the mysterious harmonious primitive culture has not completely disappeared with the emergence of modern decomposing culture.If we carefully observe the whole cultural phenomenon,we will find that many features of the harmonious primitive culture of the shamanistic charm often permeate the field of contemporary culture.From a psychological point of view,those ancient primitive experiences and primitive illusions have been quietly deposited in the deep psychological structure of human beings,forming a kind of “collective unconscious” or “collective psychological archetype”.The existence of art provides an ideal dwelling for the preservation of the harmonious primitive culture,witch and charm.The mystery of art is nurtured in the mysterious,harmonious,primitive,melodious and shamanistic culture.What does the magical world it shows mean to us today and in the future? Is this a cultural foreshadowing? If the history of culture really has to experience a positive and negative development trajectory,does this indicate that starting from the primitive harmonious-style witch-charm culture,going through the fission of the modern disintegrating culture,it will eventually return to the starting point of the harmonious culture? Is the world going to be re-enchanted or re-enchanted? Obviously,this should be a regression on a higher level.Based on this,can we predict that the era of the world’s return to charm,the natural return to charm,the culture’s return to charm,and the art’s return to charm is coming?... |
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