| The oral text of the bronze drum kept by Zhuang,Yi,Miao,Yao,Buyi,Shui,Dong,Wa,Dai and other ethnic minorities in southern China carries the folk memory of the bronze drum,provides explanations for the bronze drum artifacts and rituals.The study of the oral text narrative of bronze drum in southern China is the study of the "etic" interpretation of bronze drum.It helps to further explore the essence of bronze drum culture and it is a supplement to existing research on bronze drums.The study comprehensively uses theme method,text content analysis,comparative methods,and field investigation to study the oral texts of bronze drum in southern China.It is found that the owners believe that their bronze drum is passing down by gods,ancestors,dragons or the Han culture represented by Kong ming;The bronze drum is an instrument with divinity and humanity in the owner’s understanding and it has the sacred functions of creating the world,connecting the gods and exorcising evil,and the secular functions of entertainment,war assistance,social interaction,and emotional sustenance in the folk memory;In terms of narrative characteristics,the narrative subject,narrative elements,and narrative content of the bronze drum oral text of ethnic minorities in southern China has diversity,and the cultural core,cultural psychology,and the image of bronze drum presented by the bronze drum narrative has unity.That’s because the bronze drum culture spread and realize integrated development in the exchanges and mutual learning of the Chinese nation.In order to integrate the bronze drum culture into their own cultural system,people transform and innovate the bronze drum culture while absorbing it.Therefore,the mutual learning and integration is the reason of the diversity and unity of bronze drum oral text,it’s also the vitality of the bronze drum culture.The oral text is the explanation of bronze drum cultural from the owner,but the "etic" interpretation of bronze drum of ethnic minorities in Southern China has involved the understanding of bronze drum of the Han people in the Central Plains— the "emic" interpretation of bronze drum,such as the expression "Kongming sent the bronze drum",and the Han cultural elements such as "Guanyin" "Guan Gong" "Taibai","Dragon" "Qin Shi Huang" have infiltrated and integrated into the interpretation of bronze drum’s owner.The phenomenon of "etic-emic infiltration" has produced a rethink on the Emic Approach and Etic Approach in Western anthropology.The long history of mutual learning and integration of the Chinese nation has led to the relationship of "You have me,I have you",both in blood and culture.And there are many shared cultural genes between Chinese anthropological researchers and research subjects.So the "self" and "others","etic" and "emic" in Chinese anthropology are not diametrically opposed.This kind of relationship can help researchers develop the cultural intuition faster,understand the thinking,emotions,metaphor of local people better.So studying Chinese society cannot indiscriminately use Western anthropological theories.It is necessary to understand China’s historical and cultural background,use the unique advantages of Chinese scholars,constantly construct the sinicization of anthropology theories and develop theoretical methods suitable for China. |
