A Study On The Ideological Countermeasures Of The Japan’s Kwantung Army Military Police Force

After the Meiji Restoration,in the face of all kinds of foreign imported ideological trends,Japan gradually began to carry out the ideological rectification movement against the progressive ideas of socialism and communism by consolidating the ultra-high system,issuing the public security law,and promoting the“national system”,among which the “ideological countermeasures” was an important activity.Under its implementation,the development of progressive ideas such as socialism and communism in Japan has been seriously blocked.In the Mid-1930 s,the anti Japanese guerrilla war led by the Northeast Party Organization of the CPC entered a new stage.The Kwantung Army authorized the the Kwantung Army Military Police Force to control the implementation of “ideological countermeasures”,including intelligence collection,centralized arrest,interrogation,disposal,etc.,which destroyed the anti Japanese organizations in the occupied areas and controlled the freedom of thought and speech of the people in the occupied areas.The study of this activity based on the original archives left by the Japanese invaders,namely the “ideological countermeasures” archives collected by the Jilin Provincial Archives.This paper is mainly composed of three parts: introduction,text and conclusion.The second part of the text consists of four chapters,which are as follows:Chapter 1 introduces the concept of “ideological countermeasures” of the Guandong Military Police Force relevant historical data,significance of the topic,research status at home and abroad,research content and methods,innovation and shortcomings.Chapter 2 expounds the background of the introduction of the “ideological countermeasures” of the Japan’s Kwantung Army Military Police Force.Since the Meiji Restoration,especially after the Russian Revolution,Japan has been particularly vigilant about the development of foreign imported ideas,and gradually evolved into an ideological rectification movement aimed at socialism,communism and other progressive ideas.One of the important activities is “ideological countermeasures”.At the end of August 1935,Japan’s Kwantung Army made the “ideological countermeasures” as the same way,using strict monitoring and violent suppression as the main means,to suppress the anti-Japanese organizations under the leadership of progressive ideas such as communism.Chapter 3 inspects the implementation subjects and objectives of the “ideological countermeasures”of the Japan’s Kwantung Army Military Police Force.The control implementer of the “ideological countermeasures”is the Japan’s Kwantung Army Military Police Force,and the specific implementer is the secret service system of the Japan’s Kwantung Army Military Police Force.At the same time as the“ideological countermeasures” were issued,the “police liaison committee”was established,the commander of the Kanto military police force served as the chairman of the “central police liaison committee”,and the captains of the local military police units and detachments served as the chairman of the local or regional committees.Relying on the acquisition of the control power of the local constitutional police organs,the Japan’s Kwantung Army Military Police Force established an integrated secret service system,and strengthened the control power by changing the name of the “police liaison committee” to the “police control committee”,and then established the “ideological Gendarmerie Force to control and implement the “ideological countermeasures”.In December 1937,the “extraterritoriality” was abolished,and the“police control committee” was also abolished.However,the Japan’s Kwantung Army Military Police Force Corps still controlled the implementation of the“ideological countermeasures”.In its spy system,the “spy police” can be called “the vanguard”,and under the command of the “Japanese instructor”,has become the most“effective” assistant of the Kanto Gendarmerie.In addition,the puppet Manchurian gendarmes were mainly responsible for the implementation of “ideological countermeasures” against the puppet Manchurian National Army.Institutions and organizations such as the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Manchukuo and the“Concorde” also participated in the implementation of “ideological countermeasures”to varying degrees in the secret service system.Under the control and implementation of the Kanto Gendarmerie,the “ideological countermeasures” mainly took the anti-Japanese organization under the guidance of progressive ideas such as communism as the implementation goal,And change accordingly according to the changes of the world situation and the anti-Japanese situation in the occupied areas.Chapter 4 analyzes the implementation of the “ideological countermeasures” of the Japan’s Kwantung Army Military Police Force.It mainly includes four aspects:first,intelligence collection,second,centralized arrest,third,interrogation and fourth,disposal.First of all,the secret service system of the Japan’s Kwantung Army Military Police Force carried out intelligence collection activities by using spies,using traitors,and secretly carrying out postal inspection,and compiled the contents of intelligence collection into pamphlets and distributed them to the local constitutional police organs at all levels.Secondly,according to the collected information,the secret service system of the Japan’s Kwantung Army Military Police Force formulated a strict arrest plan and implemented a centralized arrest.Thirdly,except for those directly killed,the captured anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians were violently interrogated.Finally,they might be “severely punished”,that was,immediately executed;Or he was handed over to the judicial organ and sentenced through the Interim Punishment of Treason Law,the Law on the Maintenance of Public Security and other laws;Or they were counter-utilized,that is,they were inserted into the anti-Japanese organizations to participate in the implementation of the Japanese puppet spy activities.Chapter 5 expounds the essence,characteristics and harmfulness of the“ideological countermeasures” of the Japan’s Kwantung Army Military Police Force.In the view of the Japan’s Kwantung Army Military Police Force,“ideological countermeasures” is one of the contents of “ideological work” in the “work of public order and rectification”,which cooperates with the “temporary work” and “permanent work” implemented by the Kwantung Army to implement political repression on the anti-Japanese organizations in the enemy-occupied areas.At the same time,the people in the enemy-occupied areas were under colonial rule.Therefore,“ideological countermeasures” are characterized by centralization and comprehensiveness.With this activity,the Japan’s Kwantung Army Military Police Force not only basically grasped the organizational form and activities of the anti-Japanese organizations such as the Northeast Party Organization of the Communist Party of China in the enemy-occupied areas of the Northeast,but also made concentrated arrests based on these information,which greatly damaged the anti-Japanese organizations,Caused a large number of casualties of anti-Japanese armed personnel.