Marx's Scientific Foundation For The Legal Basis Of Justic

While freedom,democracy,and equality regarded as justice,and the opposites as injustice,there is an unavoidable delve into the nature of Ontology or Meta-Problem on distinguishing the legitimate basis of justice research.Unlike most scholars at home and abroad without exception continue holding the theoretical tradition of Western Mind over this crucial issue,and attributing justice as the legal basis of justice to virtue,natural rights,natural human rights or some technical means of distribution,which they see as Marx’s conceptions of justice.This paper presents the premise and cornerstone to resolve existing disputes among academics whether Marx has justice and what kind of justice he has.It is firmly believed that along the history of justice’s development,Marx’s unique theoretical contribution and the greatness of his justice are not reflected in the specific interpretation of justice issues,but rather in the reflection on the foundation of justice ontology.In conclusion,labor is the objective activity to realize the personal value.Furthermore,any resulting objective relationship between people and people,people and labor products can serve as the legal prerequisites to explain justice,thus a solid ontology base for justice is laid.Presenting this premise and cornerstone is of fundamental significance for resolving existing disputes.First of all,by sorting out the debate on Marx’s justice thought,put forward the legitimacy of the basis of justice.The discussion on Marx’s justice thought in Western academic circles has a long history,for the past few years,it has aroused the attention of the domestic academic circle and become a theoretical hot spot.One of the controversial focuses is more and more clearly focused on whether Marx has justice thought and what kind of justice thought he has or does not have.The reason is that all these disputes are not only intrinsically related,but also intrinsically rooted in the ambiguity or non-scientific nature of the ontological basis of the relevant ideas of justice.In other words,no matter what standard is used,all general disputes about justice in the academic circles or all specific disputes about Marx’s justice thought cannot but involve the ontological problem of the legitimacy of justice,and contemporary western political philosophy justice the limitations of the theory,and all the controversies about Marx’s thought of justice,also stem from the weakness or lack of clarity of this ontological foundation.This does not make any difference because in fact justice is often used in different senses,that is,no matter in what sense people use the concept of justice,there is a question of its legitimacy in fact.Therefore,from an ontological perspective,it is obviously meaningful to look at various such disputes from the legitimacy of justice.Secondly,the multiple perspectives of retrospective justice and its legitimacy basis.Looking back at the development history of justice,different theorists in different periods tried to lay a legal basis for justice from different perspectives.In the theoretical perspective of ethics,the legitimacy basis of justice is rooted in virtue;in the theoretical perspective of political science,the legitimacy basis of justice lies in natural human rights;in the theoretical perspective of economics,the legitimacy basis of justice lies in "getting what it deserves",and the basis of "deserved" is the maximization of social overall welfare on the basis of theory,and the combination of contributive distribution means and compensatory means chosen on the basis of the maximization of social overall welfare on the strategic level.When people lay the foundation of justice with virtue,natural rights,innate human rights and "get what they deserve",as the legitimacy basis of justice,they are all supposed to be abstractly or a priori preset.Therefore,justice is understood as a simple value judgment and a value orientation beyond the state of injustice,so it has a distinct historical teleological nature,At the same time,it is accompanied by the fact and value,the fact and should be through the binary opposition thinking frame.This kind of thinking structure has greatly affected the evaluation of Marx by scholars at home and abroad,and caused the debate on the existence and significance of Marx’s justice thought in the academic circle.Therefore,Marx’s justice thought is endowed with the color of historical teleology to varying degrees.Thirdly,it deeply interprets Marx’s scientific inquiry on the basis of the legitimacy of justice.In order to crack the ontological foundation of the legitimacy of justice laid by traditional ethics,politics and economics,Marx directly starts from the criticism of private property as the presupposition and theoretical premise of national economics theory,and reveals the essential origin of private property regarded as reasonable by national economics--alienated labor,and the historical predecessor of alienated labor is labor.It is along this path of critical reflection that Marx created his unique concept of labor and the theory of object-oriented relationship based on labor,that is,labor,as the object-oriented activity of real individuals,generated the object-oriented relationship between man and nature(nature as the product of labor)and the objective relationship between people,and made a new legitimacy foundation to justice as the ontological argument.Then,it systematically expounds the scientificity of Marx’s thought of justice legitimacy.First of all,Marx’s stipulation on the nature of labor is not an abstract presupposition of the nature of historical teleology,nor is it a supposed setting of labor as an ideal state,but a scientific revelation of the nature of labor;secondly,The starting point of Marx’s theory of labor alienation is not "free conscious activity" as the ideal presupposition,but the labor as the objective activity of the actual individual;again,when Marx takes the objective activity and the objective relationship generated therefrom as the premise of human history,it also means a stage of social development—primitive society.Likewise,when Marx regarded communism as a transcendent social state,it was obviously an inevitable trend of human historical development.Marx’s regulations on the essence of labor,he uses the concept of alienated labor and analyzes and criticizes alienated labor accordingly.He takes the objective activities and the objective relationships generated accordingly as the premise of human history.These scientific definitions and explanations just break through the teleological cage of historical thinkers who always understand justice from the dimension of value.It can be said that Marx is committed to pursuing the ontological foundation of justice from the perspective of scientific facts.Finally,based on the basis of the legitimacy of justice,it presents Marx’s thought of justice in multiple dimensions.Through the historical analysis of alienated labor and the disintegration of object relations,Marx revealed why justice has become a sharp social issue,and based on this,he showed his unique justice thought from multiple perspectives such as ethics,politics and economics.First of all,in the perspective of ethics,justice unfolds the historicity and possibility of freedom.The true connotation of justice is freedom,and ethics is the science of freedom and order.Marx’s discourse on justice at the ethical level also revolves around the issue of freedom,that is,freedom is just,and not freedom is unjust.When he laid the ontological foundation for freedom based on object activities and object relationships,Marx has decisively opened the theoretical channel between freedom and justice.What freedom is freedom and what justice is justice,they all share a common basis and foundation,that is,the object relationship generated in the object activity;From the perspective of politics,justice unfolds the hypocrisy of bourgeois democracy and real democracy.The true meaning of justice is democracy and equality of political rights.democracy is justice,and undemocratic is injustice.At the foundation of Marx’s thought of justice,the legitimacy of democracy is no longer an abstract presupposition of natural rights or innate human rights,but is rooted in the objective activities in a certain social state and the resulting objective relationships;Third,from an economic point of view,justice unfolds equality and distributive justice.The true meaning of justice is equality,equal distribution of economic rights,and distributive justice that "gets what it deserves" in the distribution of economic rights.However,in fact,Marx’s theory of distributive justice is multi-dimensional: there are both distributive justice as a fundamental idea and distributive justice as a concrete strategy,and they are both rooted in labor as an object activity and the object relations generated from it.