A Study On Marx’s Thought Of Labour Aesthetics

The formation and development of Marx’s thought of labor aesthetics has its complex background,profound theoretical origin and rich practical exploration.It is in the capitalist society in the increasingly prominent civilization ills,human relying on reason to promote the progress of social civilization of the advanced trend of thought to face the challenge of The Times and serious confusion under the conditions of The Times,in order to adapt to the social change of The Times,especially in order to adapt to the awakening of the proletariat revolutionary struggle needs to come into being.Its theoretical origin mainly lies in the humanistic aesthetics of modern Europe and the labor theory of value thought of classical European political economists.On the one hand,he critically inherited the humanistic aesthetic value pursuit of "realizing human freedom",absorbed the "reasonable core" of Hegel’s labor dialectics and the materialist aesthetic principle of Feuerbach,and tried to shape the "free and comprehensive development" of people.On the other hand,he critically inherits the labor theory of value thought of the European classical political economists,points out the hypocrisy of the ideology of the bourgeois national economists,and advocates re-examining the original significance of labor in the process of human civilization change from the dual perspectives of material production and spiritual production.Marx’s labor aesthetics thought has experienced three stages of development from the aesthetic germination based on free will in the early years to the establishment of practical labor aesthetics thought,and finally deepening the labor aesthetics thought in the theoretical vision of historical materialism.Marx had a profound insight into the historical limitations of capital civilization,criticized the human living situation of alienated labor,and scientifically analyzed the realistic factors that restrained and harmed the aesthetic spirit of human pursuing free labor.Productive labor encroaches free time and compresses the possibility space of human being’s all-round development.Abstract labor brings the original rich and unique human personality into the rule of commodity money;It breeds abstract personalities with full ugliness and confrontational social relations;It is difficult for "free spiritual production" to obtain the space for survival and development in the commodity world with the purpose of capital multiplication,which means that the beauty of labor opening to human beings is difficult to realize in the capitalist society.According to the long history of civilization evolution of human society,Marx established the new materialist philosophy with "practice" as the leading principle.He took the lead in giving labor an unprecedented value brilliance.From the philosophy of existentialism,he highlighted the decisive role and original significance of labor for human subject existence and social development.Labor is a "unique way of living".It not only demonstrates and confirms the quasi-essence of human’s free and conscious activities,but also is a practical way for human beings to transcend alienated reality,trend towards harmony and perfection,and reach the "Kingdom of freedom".It clearly points out that "the kingdom of freedom exists on the other side of the real field of material production".Thus,it establishes the aesthetic spirit that human beings "possess their overall essence" and realize freedom through objectified labor,and finds out the subject power,scientific basis and realization way of human beings to transcend the alienated labor situation,and scientifically points out the practical reform road that human beings can realize free and comprehensive development and reach the aesthetic realm of real freedom.Thus,it surpasses the abstract stipulation of classical formal aesthetics and endows "beauty" with distinct realistic,social and historical characteristics.Marx’s thought of labor aesthetics advocates the dynamic generation of "beauty" in all fields of social life,thus giving "beauty" specific content in life,nature,society and culture.The aesthetic spirit of human yearning for freedom is gradually generated and constructed in labor.Its core meaning is embodied in four aspects.Firstly,workers give full play to "creative talent" by objectified perceptual activities,break through the limitations of survival,solve the dilemma of survival,and tend to a perfect future,forming a "rich and profound sense of all",and then "truly possess" life,thus highlighting the essence of the beauty of life itself due to labor.Secondly,only by recognizing the priority of nature and "reasonably adjusting" the material and energy exchange relationship with nature in production and labor practice can human "truly revive" natural energy,showing the positive interaction of human respecting nature and nature giving gifts to human,and the communication between human and nature showing the aesthetic connotation of organic harmony.Thirdly,"real possession" of life and"real resurrection" naturally become the value picture rooted in the perceptual life world of Marx.Therefore,perceptual life becomes the realistic basis and material support for free and conscious activities and labor practice,which provides a solid material basis and political guarantee for "labor becomes the first need of life".Fourthly,the "real possession" of life and the "real resurrection" of nature cannot be separated from "social labor as the source of culture",creating,innovating,using technological tools,learning from innovative scientific theories and other excellent achievements of human civilization.Marx’s thought of labor aesthetics has its distinct value concern and rigorous internal logic,and constructs an internal structure with prominent meaning and clear clues.Firstly,the thought of labor aesthetics has always been based on the fundamental position of the people,focusing on the collective wisdom to meet the interests of the people,stimulate the people to create wealth,and protect the political rights of the people to share wealth.Secondly,the objectified activities of human sensibility express the aesthetic value of human pursuit of freedom,and scientifically explain that labor aesthetics lies in the value purport that human beings tend to freedom dynamically in the process of the transformation of the form of social civilization,and point out that the future communist society is a new form of social civilization in which human beings can reach the aesthetic realm of free labor.Thirdly,Marx systematically drew a value picture of labor aesthetics in a dialectical relationship of the unity of scientific spirit and humanistic spirit,public value and individual value.Marx’s thought of labor aesthetics has important enlightenment significance for contemporary China to fully open the road of socialist power with Chinese characteristics with Chinese modernization.China’s five-pronged modernization--political,economic,social,cultural and ecological--must always put health first,take health as the guide,and pool social forces in an organic system of "people’s health,ecological health,social health and human health",so as to demonstrate the beauty of life.To form an aesthetic community in which human beings and natural life depend on each other and human beings and society interact with each other,and to build a beautiful China with both scientific governance of moral and law.We must always respect the principal position of the working people,work hard to create value,and work together to build a better life.We must vigorously promote the spirit of work,foster the noble customs of hard work,honest work and creative work,and share the beauty of civilization.We will unite and lead hundreds of millions of working people to lay a solid material foundation,a strong intellectual guarantee,a strong ideological consensus and a profound spiritual impetus for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and building China into a great modern socialist country.