Research On American Comic-to-animation Adaptations Of The 1990s

During the early stages of American animation history,the animations borrowed the artistic forms,narrative methods and the "Star System" from the comics.And comic adaptation has always been one of the important ways for creating animation.Soon after the emergence of American television animation in 1949,the comic-to-animation adaptations had shifted their primary medium from cinema to television,and started to rise since 1960.In 1990,the United States Congress passed the Children’s Television Act(CTA),which legislated the education information norm that had been developed by the past practice of the industry and banned toy-centered animations which had been the mainstream trend in the 1980 s.But at that time,it had been proven that an animation borrowing from the external material had a great potential to obtain business success,along with the overall context of the industry and culture,contributing to the prosperity of comic book animations in American television of the 1990 s,which has revolutionary significance in the historical development of the same type of works.With the carding and reconstruction of American television animation and comic history,this paper,based on comparative method,from the perspective of text analysis,will unscramble the forms,opinions,values,standpoints and ideologies within American comic-toanimation adaptations of the 1990 s.By comparison with the original comics and animation adaptations before and after the 90 s,in the analysis of the elements between texts,which are borrowed and ignored,strengthened and weakened,added and deleted,this paper will summarize the textual characteristic and the historical significance of American comic-to-animation adaptations of the 1990 s.And this paper will argue the following thesis statement: American comic book animations of the 1990 s possessed both the mythological nature,which conveys mainstream values through connotation,and the popularity,which includes dialogues between multiple discursive subjects.It is the fierce struggle between closeness and openness that from inside and outside these texts produced the textual characteristic.This textual characteristic is the change of the same typical texts before the 1990 s,and in the subsequent evolution,it has been continued and strengthened,thus forming a new text pattern in the 21 st century.