| The Huang group of inscriptions,also known as the fifth period of inscriptions in the past,is the most advanced part of the oracle bones in the Yin Ruins,and at the same time,as the common terminus of the northern-series and southern-series oracle bones of the Yin Ruins,it has attracted the attention of many scholars.In terms of the font classification of the Huang group of inscriptions,the overall style of the Huang group of inscriptions is relatively uniform and it is difficult to subdivide.Therefore,the work in this area not only started late,but also progressed slowly.Regarding the staging and dating of the inscriptions of the Huang group,scholars have long discovered that the inscriptions of the Huang group are the most advanced of the oracle bones in the Yin Ruins.However,there is still controversy over the upper limit of the era.At the same time,the lack of font classification has led many scholars to divide in the time of dating,the inscription materials from the early and late Huang group are often mixed.Scholars have made many achievements in the study of the Zhouji system,such as determining the order of the five kinds of rituals,the order of the sacrificial rites of the kings and their wives,and the cycle of the weekly sacrificial offerings of thirty-six and thirty-seven.There are many errors in the ritual tree restored by scholars.According to the font,the inscriptions of the Huang group can be divided into seven categories: Huang group 1-A,Huang group 1-B,Huang group 1-C,Huang group 1-D,Huang group 2-A,Huang group 2-B,and Huang group 2-C.The overall style and characteristic characters of each sub-category have their own unique features.This unique feature is best reflected in the phenomenon of different types in the same inscriptions of the Huang group.This phenomenon of different types in the same inscriptions is not a rare case,but a large number of phenomena in Huang group inscriptions.The Buxun inscriptions in the Huang group can be divided into two categories:ordinary inscriptions and Zhou Ji.Examples of common inscriptions can be divided into three categories and twelve sub-categories,and some examples have a certain correspondence with font types.In ordinary Buxun inscriptions,three wars can be linked,and the war with Gui can be clearly defined as the events of the Wu Yi period.In the Zhou Ji type inscriptions,the framework is based on the combined sacrificial inscriptions in the Huang group,and in conjunction with part of the Huang group,the Zhou Ji type inscriptions can restore the Wending sacrifice record from first year to eleventh year.According to this long time span of the sacrifice record,it can be found that the same ritual for the same ancestor,with the passage of years,the month and stems and branches will also elapse correspondingly.According to this rule,it can be judged the early and late stages of those who are not included in the sacrifice record.In addition,it is also possible to restore the sacrifice record,of the Wu Yi from ninth year to eleventh year and the sacrifice record of the Dixin in his second year.With these three sacrifice record as reference points,we can use the "ten-day difference method" to judge the relative age of other Zhouji inscriptions.When analyzing the inscriptions on Zhouji Buxun inscriptions of the Huang group,it can also be linked with the related inscriptions of the "War of the River" to prove that the war occurred at the 11 th year in Wending.Through a series of analysis,it can be found that the fonts of the inscriptions of the Wuyi and Wen Ding eras are Huang Group 1,and the fonts of the inscriptions of the Di Yi and Di Xin eras are in the Huang Group 2.This provides a clearer picture for the classification of fonts.Evidence also provides support for inscriptions on other matters.In the inscriptions of Wangbin and Fangji,the distribution of the appellation system in fonts and times is regular.The titles "Fourth Zu Ding","Wu Ding","Zu Jia","Kang Zu Ding",and "Wu Yi" appear in both Huang group 1 and Huang group 2,so they do not have the effect of distinguishing the times.Calling Wu Ding "Zu Ding" is generally a characteristic of the Huang group 1.The title of "Father Ding" in Wangbin’s inscriptions only meant that Wu Yi called his father Kang Ding.After Wen Ding,the subsequent kings no longer called his father "Father",but directly called his posthumous title.The another name of Kang Ding "Kang Zu Ding" appears in both Huang group 1 and Huang group 2,so it does not have the effect of distinguishing the times.The title "Mother Gui" only appears in the Huang group,and is called Wending his mother.The titles "Wu Zu Yi","Wen Wu Ding","Wen Wu Di",and "Wen Wu" only appear in Huang group 2,which have the effect of distinguishing the times.In terms of war inscriptions,the war with Renfang in tenth year took place in the Wu Yi period,and the fonts of the inscriptions were all Huang group 1-A,and the entire operation can be divided into six stages: the preparation stage,the stage of going to Shang,and the stage of leading the army.The battle phase,the rest stage in You,and the return stage from You.The inscriptions of the Huang group also recorded two other wars with Renfang.Among them,the war of Huang group 1 took place at the 13 th year of Wending,and the other war of the Huang group 2 was due to too much information provided by the inscription.It is impossible to determine the specific kingship.The war of conquering Yufang in the inscriptions of the Huang group took place during the Wending period.The cause of the war was due to the rebellion of Yu Fang Bo and the intrusion of the Shang dynasty was fierce,so the king of Shang joined Duotian and Duobo to conquer the war.The time for the two sides to fight was about February in Wending.In the field of hunting inscriptions,there are far more place names in Huang group 1 than in Huang group 2.At the same time,some place names only exist in Huang group 1,and some place names only exist in Huang group 2.This may represent the phenomenon of changes in certain hunting areas. |
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