| Objective:Based on the method of bibliometrics,this article combs the published literature on the prevention and treatment of vascular dementia by traditional Chinese medicine and the knowledge map in the field of traditional Chinese medicine,analyzes the research application status,research hotspots,and research trends.It is found that with the advent of the data era and the continuous development of knowledge map technology,building knowledge maps based on Neo4j has become a research hotspot in the field of traditional Chinese medicine.Based on real-world clinical data,this study conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study and drug use rule mining,and based on this data,constructed a knowledge map for the diagnosis and treatment of vascular dementia,laying the foundation for sorting out the knowledge system related to vascular dementia disease,promoting the dissemination and development of knowledge in this field,and providing underlying support for the implementation of subsequent functions such as clinical diagnosis and treatment knowledge index,knowledge Q&A,and clinical decision-making assistance for vascular dementia,And summarize the problems found in the construction to provide reference for subsequent research.Method:1.Study 1:Research on Mining the Medication Patterns of Vascular Dementia Based on Real World DataBased on the real world vascular dementia database,using cross-sectional research methods and R language technology,and based on the data of 1025 patients from the real world medical record system of multiple top three traditional Chinese medicine hospitals across the country,we conducted knowledge mining for the diagnosis and treatment of vascular dementia by combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine,mining the medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine for treating vascular dementia,and making the implicit knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment in this field explicit.2.Study 2:Research on the Construction of Knowledge Map of Vascular Dementia Based on Real World DataBased on the data from Study 1,under the guidance of consensus guidelines and national standards and norms,knowledge extraction was used to classify,define concepts,and relationships about the disease name,syndrome,examination,treatment.prescription,and drug composition of the real world vascular dementia database.A knowledge map for the diagnosis and treatment of vascular dementia was constructed based on the Neo4j diagram database,Provide knowledge visualization tools and data references for clinical diagnosis,treatment,and further research and development in this field.Result:1.Mining of medication laws1.1 This study conducted a cross-sectional study on 1025 patients with vascular dementia based on the real world medical record system of multiple top three traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in China.By analyzing the gender ratio of risk factors such as smoking,alcohol consumption,and VaD related past medical history among the included patients,it was found that the proportion of male patients is about twice that of female patients;The age of the patients included was the most from 70 to 89 years old,the married was the most,and the occupation was mainly retired.The source of patients was the Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and the Xiyuan Hospital of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.The number of solar terms for admission was cold dew,accounting for 36.12%.In terms of examination,the combination of CT examination,MRI examination,and MRA examination was found to be the most common in statistical imaging examination,accounting for 20.29%.In terms of diagnosis,stroke is the main disease diagnosed in traditional Chinese medicine,accounting for 54.44%of the total.The syndrome types are mainly wind phlegm stasis and obstruction of the meridian,accounting for 53.65%;Cerebral infarction,hypertension and diabetes were the most common complications,accounting for 85.66%.65.07%and 33.17%respectively;The tongue appearance is mainly characterized by "dark red tongue,white and greasy fur",while the pulse appearance is mainly characterized by "smooth string".In terms of treatment,888 cases were treated with Chinese herbal medicine prescriptions,176 cases were treated with traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations,of which the most commonly used traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations was Ginkgo biloba leaf/Ginkgo biloba extract,63 cases were,followed by Compound Cistanche Yizhi Capsule.Tianzhi Granules,Yinaofujian Capsule,Compound Danshen Tablets,Tongxinluo Capsule,etc;There were 656 patients treated with Western medicine,with the most commonly used Western medicine being donepezil(343 cases),followed by olaxetam,butylphthalide,memantine,nimodipine,piracetam,edibenzoquinone tablets,and aniracetam;The most common combination of drugs is one Western medicine combined with one Chinese medicine(one Chinese medicine prescription)/traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations,268 cases,accounting for 26.15%.In terms of external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine,59.8%of patients were included in the joint use of external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine.The top three external treatment methods most commonly used include ear beans,acupoint application,acupuncture and moxibustion(including scalp acupuncture,ear acupuncture,electroacupuncture,etc.),etc.1.2 This study analyzed 888 clinical medical records and obtained a total of 385 traditional Chinese medicines,among which the most frequently used traditional Chinese medicines were Chuanxiong,Poria cocos,Licorice,Angelica sinensis,Acorus tatarinowii.Pinellia ternata,Atractylodes macrocephala,etc.The efficacy of 27 drugs with a frequency of use greater than 100 was summarized and found that VaD’s traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions were mainly "tonifying deficiency drugs" and "promoting blood circulation and resolving stasis drugs";Correlation analysis and association rule analysis were conducted on 85 drugs with a frequency of use greater than 30.The results showed that the top 20 drug combinations with higher Pearson correlation coefficients were mostly deficiency reinforcing drugs and blood activating and stasis removing drugs,while the commonly used drug pairs were oyster dragon bone,cistanche deserticola officinalis,herba siegesbeckiae chrysanthemum,etc.Based on the association rules,the core prescription of VaD in this study was"Chuanxiong,red peony,astragalus,angelica,and earthworm",The prescription is based on Buyang Huanwu Decoction;Cluster analysis was conducted on 85 drugs with a frequency of use greater than 30.The results showed that the best combinations were 2 groups and 4 groups.Based on this,2 types of hierarchical cluster tree charts and 4 types of hierarchical cluster tree charts were drawn.Among them,6 relatively prominent traditional Chinese medicines were Gladiolus.Curcuma.Polygala,Chuanxiong,Astragalus,and Peach Kernel,respectively.Combining correlation and association rule analysis,Curcuma,and Peach Kernel were eliminated,This study concluded that the core prescriptions for VaD include "Acorus tatarinowii.Polygala tenuifolia,Chuanxiong,and Huangqi".Through the combination of commonly used drug pairs obtained through association rules and cluster analysis,and the core prescription combination obtained through cluster analysis,it can be concluded that there are certain rules in the use of prescription drugs for clinical treatment of VaD,mainly focusing on tonifying the benefits and deficiency,supplemented by promoting blood circulation and resolving stasis,eliminating phlegm and dampness,expelling wind and dredging collaterals,and opening the mind and awakening the mind.2.Knowledge Map ConstructionThis study constructs a knowledge graph based on the electronic medical record system of vascular dementia from 11 top three traditional Chinese medicine hospitals across the country,categorizing the diagnosis and treatment data into 7 categories:patients,diseases,syndrome types,syndromes,treatment methods,traditional Chinese medicine,and Western medicine.It systematically relates the knowledge of vascular dementia in terms of syndrome,treatment,prescription,and medicine,thereby discovering the relationship between various entity concepts.After importing the data set,1820 entities including 9 categories of VaD patients,diseases,comorbidities,syndromes,examinations,treatments,Chinese medicine,traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations,western medicine were constructed,of which 1025 were patient nodes,25 were comorbidities,14 were treatment nodes,9 were western medicine nodes,7 were traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations nodes,25 were traditional Chinese medicine nodes,10 were TCM external treatment nodes,15 were syndrome nodes,and 22 were tongue image nodes,The number of pulse nodes is 25,and a total of 23027 relationships have been constructed,including 681 hierarchical relationships between diseases and syndromes,1593 therapeutic relationships between diseases and drugs.Conclusion:This study is based on the visualization analysis of research literature using Citespace(6.1.6.msi)and VOSviewer(1.6.18)software,sorting out the current status,research hotspots,and research trends in the research field.Using R language(V4.2.2)and Neo4j(community 5.2.0 Windows)graph databases,Study 1 conducted a cross-sectional study on real-world clinical diagnosis and treatment data and mined medication patterns.It was found that the main TCM diseases of 1025 VaD patients included were mainly divided into stroke There are two types of dementia,with the main syndrome types being wind,phlegm,blood stasis,and obstruction of the meridian.The tongue appearance is mainly characterized by "dark red tongue,white and greasy fur",and the pulse appearance is mainly characterized by "string slip";The main disease diagnosed by western medicine is vascular dementia,and cerebral infarction,hypertension and diabetes are the most common complications;The treatment is mainly based on the combination of Chinese medicine and western medicine.The most commonly used traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations is ginkgo biloba leaf/ginkgo biloba leaf extract,and the most commonly used western medicine is donepezil.After excavating the 888 prescriptions of Chinese herbal medicine included,it was found that the six most commonly used traditional Chinese medicines for VaD were Acorus tatarinowii,Yujin,Polygala tenuifolia,Chuanxiong,Huangqi,and Taoren.The core prescriptions included "Acorus tatarinowii,Polygala tenuifolia,Chuanxiong,and Huangqi",with the main effects of"tonifying deficiency" and "promoting blood circulation and stasis".The prescription medication mainly focused on tonifying deficiency,supplemented by promoting blood circulation and resolving stasis,dispelling phlegm and dampness,dispelling wind and clearing collaterals,and awakening consciousness.On the basis of summarizing the current situation of traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment in this field and exploring the laws of traditional Chinese medicine medication,Study 2 constructed a knowledge graph of VaD diagnosis and treatment,which includes 1820 entities and 23027 relationships.This provides a basic reference for clinical decision support systems and intelligent question answering systems in future clinical trials in this field,and helps to carry out clinical trials,collect and analyze data in this field,In order to further promote the research and development of this field,and promote the development of clinical diagnosis and treatment in this field.Combined with the sorting out of the application of the current domain knowledge map of traditional Chinese medicine and the construction process of the knowledge map of this study,it is summarized that the future domain knowledge map of traditional Chinese medicine should be constantly improved and enhanced in the degree of standardization,quantity,quality and other aspects,so as to better meet the needs of the development and application of artificial intelligence of traditional Chinese medicine. |
PDF Full Text Request